Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, 45-052, Opole, Poland.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology, 40-555, Katowice, Poland.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Dec 11;21(1):2262. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12288-1.
A cross-sectional study was performed to examine life satisfaction differences between university students from nine countries during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-national comparison of the association between life satisfaction and a set of variables was also conducted.
Participants in the study were 2349 university students with a mean age of 23 years (M = 23.15, SD = 4.66). There was a predominance of women (69.26%) and individuals studying at the bachelor level (78%). The research was conducted between May and July 2020 in nine countries: Slovenia (n=209), the Czech Republic (Czechia)(n=308), Germany (n=267), Poland (n=301), Ukraine (n=310), Russia (n=285), Turkey (n=310), Israel (n=199), and Colombia (n=153). Participants completed an online survey involving measures of satisfaction with life (SWLS), exposure to COVID-19, perceived negative impact of coronavirus (PNIC) on students' well-being, general self-reported health (GSRH), physical activity (PA), and some demographics (gender, place of residence, level of study). A one-way ANOVA was used to explore cross-national differences in life satisfaction. The χ independence test was performed separately in each country to examine associations between life satisfaction and other variables. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify life satisfaction predictors among a set of demographic and health-related variables in each of the nine countries.
The level of life satisfaction varied between university students from the nine countries. The results for life satisfaction and the other variables differed between countries. Numerous associations were noted between satisfaction with life and several variables, and these showed cross-national differences. Distinct predictors of life satisfaction were observed for each country. However, poor self-rated physical health was a predictor of low life satisfaction independent of the country.
The association between life satisfaction and subjective assessment of physical health seems to be universal, while the other variables are related to cross-cultural differences. Special public health attention should be focused on psychologically supporting people who do not feel healthy.
本研究采用横断面调查的方法，在 COVID-19 大流行的第一波期间，对来自九个国家的大学生的生活满意度进行了比较。同时，还比较了生活满意度与一系列变量之间的关系。
本研究共纳入了 2349 名大学生，平均年龄为 23 岁（M=23.15，SD=4.66），其中女生占比 69.26%，本科生占比 78%。研究于 2020 年 5 月至 7 月在九个国家进行，包括：斯洛文尼亚（n=209）、捷克（n=308）、德国（n=267）、波兰（n=301）、乌克兰（n=310）、俄罗斯（n=285）、土耳其（n=310）、以色列（n=199）和哥伦比亚（n=153）。参与者完成了一份在线问卷，内容包括生活满意度量表（SWLS）、新冠病毒暴露情况、新冠对学生健康的负面影响感知量表（PNIC）、一般自我报告健康量表（GSRH）、身体活动（PA）和一些人口统计学变量（性别、居住地、学历）。采用单因素方差分析（one-way ANOVA）探索生活满意度的跨国差异。采用卡方独立性检验（χ independence test）分别在每个国家检验生活满意度与其他变量的关系。在九个国家中，采用二元和多元逻辑回归分析识别生活满意度的预测因素，包括一组人口统计学和健康相关变量。
九个国家的大学生生活满意度水平存在差异。生活满意度与其他变量之间的关系在不同国家也存在差异。生活满意度与多个变量显著相关，且存在跨国差异。不同国家有不同的生活满意度预测因素，但自我报告的身体健康状况较差是独立于国家的生活满意度低的预测因素。
生活满意度与主观身体健康评估之间的关系似乎是普遍存在的，而其他变量与文化差异有关。特别需要关注那些感觉不健康的人群的心理健康。
