Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Health Science Center, School of Basic Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China.
Health Science Center, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China.
Cells. 2021 Dec 17;10(12):3570. doi: 10.3390/cells10123570.
Population aging is occurring rapidly worldwide, challenging the global economy and healthcare services. Brain aging is a significant contributor to various age-related neurological and neuropsychological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Several extrinsic factors, such as exposure to ionizing radiation, can accelerate senescence. Multiple human and animal studies have reported that exposure to ionizing radiation can have varied effects on organ aging and lead to the prolongation or shortening of life span depending on the radiation dose or dose rate. This paper reviews the effects of radiation on the aging of different types of brain cells, including neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and cerebral endothelial cells. Further, the relevant molecular mechanisms are discussed. Overall, this review highlights how radiation-induced senescence in different cell types may lead to brain aging, which could result in the development of various neurological and neuropsychological disorders. Therefore, treatment targeting radiation-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation may prevent radiation-induced brain aging and the neurological and neuropsychological disorders it may cause.
人口老龄化在全球范围内迅速发生，对全球经济和医疗保健服务构成挑战。大脑老化是导致各种与年龄相关的神经和神经心理障碍的重要因素，包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。一些外在因素，如暴露于电离辐射，会加速衰老。多项人类和动物研究报告称，暴露于电离辐射会对器官衰老产生不同的影响，并根据辐射剂量或剂量率导致寿命延长或缩短。本文综述了辐射对不同类型脑细胞（包括神经元、小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和脑内皮细胞）衰老的影响，并讨论了相关的分子机制。总的来说，本综述强调了不同细胞类型的辐射诱导衰老如何导致大脑衰老，从而可能导致各种神经和神经心理障碍的发生。因此，针对辐射诱导的氧化应激和神经炎症的治疗方法可能预防辐射诱导的大脑衰老及其可能引起的神经和神经心理障碍。
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