Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
Anal Chem. 2022 Jan 25;94(3):1499-1509. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04496. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Nanozymes are a kind of nanomaterial mimicking enzyme catalytic activity, which has aroused extensive interest in the fields of biosensors, biomedicine, and climate and ecosystems management. However, due to the complexity of structures and composition of nanozymes, atomic scale active centers have been extensively investigated, which helps with in-depth understanding of the nature of the biocatalysis. Single atom nanozymes (SANs) cannot only significantly enhance the activity of nanozymes but also effectively improve the selectivity of nanozymes owing to the characteristics of simple and adjustable coordination environment and have been becoming the brightest star in the nanozyme spectrum. The SANs based sensors have also been widely investigated due to their definite structural features, which can be helpful to study the catalytic mechanism and provide ways to improve catalytic activity. This perspective presents a comprehensive understanding on the advances and challenges on SANs based sensors. The catalytic mechanisms of SANs and then the sensing application from the perspectives of sensing technology and sensor construction are thoroughly analyzed. Finally, the major challenges, potential future research directions, and prospects for further research on SANs based sensors are also proposed.
纳米酶是一种模拟酶催化活性的纳米材料，在生物传感器、生物医药以及气候和生态系统管理等领域引起了广泛关注。然而，由于纳米酶结构和组成的复杂性，原子级别的活性中心得到了广泛的研究，这有助于深入了解生物催化的本质。单原子纳米酶（SANs）不仅可以显著提高纳米酶的活性，还可以通过简单且可调谐的配位环境特性有效地提高纳米酶的选择性，因此成为纳米酶领域的一颗耀眼明星。基于 SANs 的传感器也因其明确的结构特征而得到了广泛的研究，这有助于研究其催化机制并提供提高催化活性的方法。本综述全面介绍了基于 SANs 的传感器的研究进展和挑战。从 SANs 的催化机制以及从传感技术和传感器构建的角度来看传感应用，对其进行了透彻的分析。最后，还提出了基于 SANs 的传感器的主要挑战、潜在的未来研究方向和进一步研究的前景。
