移动医疗应用在社区医疗保健中的实施：南非基于病房的外展团队的经验。
Implementation of mHealth applications in community-based health care: Insights from Ward-Based Outreach Teams in South Africa.
机构信息
Department of Social Development, Makhado, Limpopo Province, South Africa.
Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2022 Jan 25;17(1):e0262842. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262842. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Ward-Based Outreach Teams' (WBOTs) use of mobile technologies can promote better quality and improved health services for populations in low- and middle-income countries. However, the implementation of such systems is fraught with threats to sustainability.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of users' views and experiences of the implementation of mHealth in a selected sub-district in North West Province, South Africa.
METHODS
The study was qualitative, exploratory and descriptive. Data were collected from community health workers (CHWs) (n = 24) and outreach team leaders (OTLs) (n = 4) who used mobile devices loaded with the Mobenzi application through semi-structured focus group interviews, using an interview guide. Creswell's stages of thematic analysis were used for data analysis, and codes, categories and themes were validated with the participants.
RESULTS
Three themes emerged from the findings, namely the transition from a paper-based system to an electronic system; the use of the application; and reverting to paper-based documentation. The findings revealed that WBOTs considered the mHealth application as useful, easy to use, and supportive to their workflow. They experienced some technical challenges and lamented the inaccessibility of technicians. The mobile initiative's termination caused distress among the participants, especially CHWs who had to revert to paper-based documentation to capture community health data. OTLs were concerned about the quality of health data being captured in the absence of the application.
CONCLUSIONS
The study concluded that community-based health care programmes that use WBOTs and mHealth technologies are essential in strengthening the health care system. WBOTs are facilitators for improving access to health care. Policy-makers and district managers will gain useful insights if they engage application users in discussions regarding future mobile health interventions for household and community-based care.
背景
基于病房的外展团队（WBOT）使用移动技术可以为中低收入国家的人群提供更好的医疗质量和改善医疗服务。然而，此类系统的实施存在诸多可持续性威胁。
目的
本研究旨在更深入地了解用户对南非西北省一个选定分区实施移动医疗的看法和经验。
方法
该研究是定性、探索性和描述性的。通过半结构化焦点小组访谈，使用访谈指南，从使用装有 Mobenzi 应用程序的移动设备的社区卫生工作者（CHW）（n=24）和外展团队负责人（OTL）（n=4）那里收集数据。使用 Creswell 的主题分析阶段进行数据分析，并与参与者一起验证代码、类别和主题。
结果
从研究结果中得出了三个主题，即从纸质系统向电子系统的过渡；应用程序的使用；以及恢复到基于纸质的文档记录。研究结果表明，WBOT 认为移动医疗应用程序有用、易于使用，并支持他们的工作流程。他们遇到了一些技术挑战，并对技术员无法访问感到遗憾。移动倡议的终止给参与者带来了困扰，尤其是那些不得不恢复基于纸质的文档记录来获取社区卫生数据的 CHW。OTL 担心在没有应用程序的情况下，卫生数据的质量会受到影响。
结论
该研究得出结论，使用基于病房的外展团队和移动医疗技术的社区卫生保健方案对于加强卫生保健系统至关重要。WBOT 是改善获得卫生保健机会的推动者。如果政策制定者和地区管理人员让应用程序用户参与关于未来基于家庭和社区的移动医疗干预的讨论，他们将获得有用的见解。
Zotero 插件