孟加拉国女大学生乳腺癌知识和乳房自我检查教育干预效果的准实验研究：前后测准实验研究。
Effectiveness of educational intervention on breast cancer knowledge and breast self-examination among female university students in Bangladesh: a pre-post quasi-experimental study.
机构信息
Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
出版信息
BMC Cancer. 2022 Feb 22;22(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09311-y.
BACKGROUND
Breast cancer is a global health issue and a leading cause of death among women. Early detection through increased awareness and knowledge on breast cancer and breast cancer screening is thus crucial. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention program on breast cancer knowledge and the practice of breast self-examination among young female students of a university in Bangladesh.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental (pre-post) study design was conducted at Jahangirnagar University in Bangladesh. Educational information on breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE), demonstration of BSE procedure and leaflets were distributed among 400 female students after obtaining written informed consent. The stepwise procedures of BSE performance were demonstrated with images. Pre-intervention and 15 days post-intervention assessments were conducted to assess the changes in knowledge on breast cancer and practices of BSE. Mc-Nemar's tests and paired sampled t-tests were performed to investigate the differences between pre- and post-test stages.
RESULTS
A total of 400 female university students aged 18-26 years were included in the sample. Significant changes were found in knowledge and awareness about breast cancer and BSE practices after the educational intervention. The significant differences were measured in the mean scores of pre-test vs. post-test: breast cancer symptoms (2.99 ± 1.05 vs. 6.35 ± 1.15; p < 0.001), risk factors (3.35 ± 1.19 vs. 7.56 ± 1.04; p < 0.001), treatment (1.79 ± 0.90 vs. 4.63 ± 0.84; p < 0.001), prevention (3.82 ± 1.32 vs. 7.14 ± 1.03; p < 0.001), screening of breast cancer (1.82 ± 0.55 vs. 3.98 ± 0.71; p < 0.001) and process of BSE (1.57 ± 1.86 vs. 3.94 ± 0.93; p < 0.001). Likewise, a significant percentage of change in BSE practices was obtained between pre-test and post-test (21.3% vs. 33.8%; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Study findings confirm that the study population had inadequate awareness and knowledge at baseline which was improved significantly after educational intervention. A nationwide roll-out with community-based interventions is recommended for the female population in both rural and urban areas.
背景
乳腺癌是一个全球性的健康问题，也是女性死亡的主要原因之一。因此，通过提高对乳腺癌的认识和知识，以及进行乳腺癌筛查，早期发现乳腺癌至关重要。本研究旨在评估一项教育干预计划对孟加拉国一所大学年轻女学生乳腺癌知识和乳房自我检查实践的影响。
方法
在孟加拉国的贾汉吉尔纳格尔大学进行了一项准实验（前后）研究设计。在获得书面知情同意后，向 400 名女学生分发了关于乳腺癌和乳房自我检查（BSE）的教育信息、BSE 程序演示和传单。BSE 操作的分步程序用图像进行了演示。在干预前和干预后 15 天进行评估，以评估乳腺癌知识和 BSE 实践的变化。采用 McNemar 检验和配对样本 t 检验比较前后测试阶段的差异。
结果
共纳入 400 名年龄在 18-26 岁的女大学生。教育干预后，乳腺癌和 BSE 实践的知识和意识显著提高。在预测试与后测试的平均得分中发现了显著差异：乳腺癌症状（2.99±1.05 对 6.35±1.15；p<0.001）、危险因素（3.35±1.19 对 7.56±1.04；p<0.001）、治疗（1.79±0.90 对 4.63±0.84；p<0.001）、预防（3.82±1.32 对 7.14±1.03；p<0.001）、乳腺癌筛查（1.82±0.55 对 3.98±0.71；p<0.001）和 BSE 过程（1.57±1.86 对 3.94±0.93；p<0.001）。同样，在预测试和后测试之间，BSE 实践的变化百分比也有显著提高（21.3%对 33.8%；p<0.001）。
结论
研究结果证实，研究人群在基线时的意识和知识不足，在教育干预后显著提高。建议在农村和城市地区向女性人口开展全国性的社区干预活动。
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