Departamento de Química, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico.
Departamento de Física, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico.
Molecules. 2022 Mar 4;27(5):1692. doi: 10.3390/molecules27051692.
So far, several studies have focused on the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles making use of extracts from the fruit of the plants from the genus Capsicum. However, as the fruit is the edible, and highly commercial, part of the plant, in this work we focused on the leaves, a part of the plant that is considered agro-industrial waste. The biological synthesis of gold (AuNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of root, stem and leaf of was evaluated, obtaining the best results with the leaf extract. Gold and silver nanoparticles synthesized using leaf extract (AuNPs-leaf and AgNPs-leaf, respectively) were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy with Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Ultra Hight Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled to Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (UHR-SEM-EDX) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and tested for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In addition, different metabolites involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles were analyzed. We found that by the use of extracts derived from the leaf, we could generate stable and easy to synthesize AuNPs and AgNPs. The AuNPs-leaf were synthesized using microwave radiation, while the AgNPs-leaf were synthesized using UV light radiation. The antioxidant activity of the extract, determined by ABTS, showed a decrease of 44.7% and 60.7% after the synthesis of the AuNPs-leaf and AgNPs-leaf, respectively. After the AgNPs-leaf synthesis, the concentration of polyphenols, reducing sugars and amino acids decreased by 15.4%, 38.7% and 46.8% in the leaf extract, respectively, while after the AuNPs-leaf synthesis only reducing sugars decreased by 67.7%. These results suggest that these groups of molecules are implicated in the reduction/stabilization of the nanoparticles. Although the contribution of these compounds in the synthesis of the AuNPs-leaf and the AgNPs-leaf was different. Finally, the AgNPs-leaf inhibited the growth of , , and All of them are bacterial strains of clinical importance due to their fast antibiotic resistance development.
到目前为止，已有几项研究专注于利用来自辣椒属植物果实的提取物合成金属纳米粒子。然而，由于果实是可食用的和高商业价值的植物部分，在这项工作中，我们专注于植物的叶子，这是被认为是农业工业废物的一部分。使用根、茎和叶的水提取物评估了金（AuNPs）和银（AgNPs）纳米粒子的生物合成，使用叶提取物获得了最好的结果。使用叶提取物合成的金和银纳米粒子（分别为 AuNPs-叶和 AgNPs-叶）通过紫外可见分光光度法（UV-Vis）、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR-ATR）、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）、超高压分辨率扫描电子显微镜与能量色散 X 射线光谱学（UHR-SEM-EDX）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）进行了表征，并测试了它们的抗氧化和抗菌活性。此外，还分析了参与纳米粒子合成的不同代谢物。我们发现，通过使用叶提取物，可以生成稳定且易于合成的 AuNPs 和 AgNPs。AuNPs-叶是使用微波辐射合成的，而 AgNPs-叶是使用紫外光辐射合成的。通过 ABTS 测定的提取物抗氧化活性在合成 AuNPs-叶和 AgNPs-叶后分别下降了 44.7%和 60.7%。在 AgNPs-叶合成后，叶提取物中的多酚、还原糖和氨基酸浓度分别下降了 15.4%、38.7%和 46.8%，而在 AuNPs-叶合成后，只有还原糖下降了 67.7%。这些结果表明，这些分子群参与了纳米粒子的还原/稳定。尽管这些化合物在 AuNPs-叶和 AgNPs-叶的合成中的贡献不同。最后，AgNPs-叶抑制了 、 、 和 的生长。所有这些细菌菌株都具有临床重要性，因为它们对抗生素的耐药性发展迅速。
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