韧性与新冠肺炎大流行期间的抑郁、焦虑、压力和身体活动的关系。
The association of resilience with depression, anxiety, stress and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
机构信息
Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, 4701, Australia.
School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, 4701, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2022 Mar 12;22(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12911-9.
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 has resulted in substantial global upheaval. Resilience is important in protecting wellbeing, however few studies have investigated changes in resilience over time, and associations between resilience with depression, anxiety, stress, and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
Online surveys were conducted to collect both longitudinal and cross-sectional data at three time points during 2020. Australian adults aged 18 years and over were invited to complete the online surveys. Measures include the six-item Brief Resilience Scale, the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and the Active Australia Survey which have eight items identifying the duration and frequency of walking, and moderate and vigorous physical activities (MVPA), over the past 7 days. General linear mixed models and general linear models were used in the analysis.
RESULTS
In the longitudinal sample, adjusted differences (aDif) in resilience scores did not significantly change over time (time 2 vs. time 1 [aDif = - 0.02, 95% CI = - 0.08, 0.03], and time 3 vs. time 1 [aDif = < 0.01, 95% CI = - 0.07, 0.06]). On average, those engaging in at least 150 min of MVPA per week (aDif = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.16), and having depression (aDif = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.33), anxiety (aDif = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.26, 0.41), and stress scores (aDif = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.37) within the normal range had significantly higher resilience scores. The association between resilience and physical activity was independent of depression, anxiety, and stress levels. All results were similar for the cross-sectional sample.
CONCLUSIONS
Resilience scores did not change significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there were significant associations between resilience with physical activity and psychological distress. This research helps inform future interventions to enhance or nurture resilience, particularly targeted at people identified as at risk of psychological distress.
背景
COVID-19 导致了全球的巨大动荡。韧性在保护幸福感方面很重要，但是很少有研究调查随着时间的推移韧性的变化，以及在 COVID-19 大流行期间韧性与抑郁、焦虑、压力和身体活动之间的关系。
方法
在 2020 年期间的三个时间点进行了在线调查，以收集纵向和横断面数据。邀请 18 岁及以上的澳大利亚成年人完成在线调查。测量包括六分量表的简短韧性量表、21 分量表的抑郁、焦虑和压力量表，以及澳大利亚活动调查，该调查有八项内容，用于确定过去 7 天内行走、中等强度和剧烈强度身体活动（MVPA）的持续时间和频率。在分析中使用了一般线性混合模型和一般线性模型。
结果
在纵向样本中，韧性评分的调整差异（aDif）在时间上没有显著变化（时间 2 与时间 1 的差异[aDif=-0.02，95%CI=-0.08，0.03]，时间 3 与时间 1 的差异[aDif<0.01，95%CI=-0.07，0.06]）。平均而言，每周至少进行 150 分钟的 MVPA（aDif=0.10，95%CI=0.04，0.16），以及抑郁（aDif=0.40，95%CI=0.33，0.47）、焦虑（aDif=0.34，95%CI=0.26，0.41）和压力得分（aDif=0.30，95%CI=0.23，0.37）在正常范围内的人，其韧性评分显著更高。韧性与身体活动之间的关联独立于抑郁、焦虑和压力水平。所有结果在横断面样本中均相似。
结论
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，韧性评分没有显著变化。然而，韧性与身体活动和心理困扰之间存在显著关联。这项研究有助于为未来增强或培养韧性的干预措施提供信息，特别是针对被确定为有心理困扰风险的人群。
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