Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, University of Patras School of Health Sciences, University Campus, Rion, 265 04, Patras, Greece.
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Genetics and Genomics, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Hum Genomics. 2022 Mar 14;16(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s40246-022-00382-3.
There is an increasing interest worldwide in investigating healthcare stakeholders' perceptions and intentions to adopt pharmacogenomics (PGx) into clinical practice. However, the existing inquiries based on well-established theories and models that interpret their intentions to implement PGx are scarce. This study is the first that examines the impact of selected factors on health science students' intention to adopt genetic testing applications using the technology acceptance model while it compares two different cultural groups: Greeks (Europe; Christian) and Malays (Asia; Muslim).
Malay students were more persuaded about benefits of genomics for drug management compared to their Greek counterparts. However, participants from both countries appear to be particularly convinced about the benefits of genomics on disease management. Moreover, students from both countries considered the potential misuse of genetic information by corporate or government bodies as their most important concern; Greek students appeared to be considerably less worried than Malay about other probable hazards such as the deficient protection of privacy and confidentiality, which could be attributed to their religious background. Participants from both samples expressed very positive attitudes towards genetic research and testing and their favourable intentions to adopt genetic testing for personal use. Exploratory factors analysis and path analysis yielded quite similar results for both samples. Path analysis revealed that the factors of attitudes, concerns, drug management benefits and disease management benefits significantly influenced students' intentions to adopt genetic testing for personal use, with attitudes being the most inspirational factor with rather high impact, while training did not seem to affect participant's intentions. The squared multiple correlation of both models was quite satisfactory reaching to 0.55 for the Malaysian sample.
Similarities in the results of the two groups along with the relevant validity and reliability tests indicate that the proposed model is a good fit for future studies to interpret stakeholders' intentions to adopt genetic testing. Therefore, it can provide a promising and reliable basis for future model development to explain the relationships between intentions to adopt genetic testing and its predictors.
全球范围内越来越关注调查医疗保健利益相关者对采用药物基因组学（PGx）进入临床实践的看法和意图。然而，基于解释其实施 PGx 意图的既定理论和模型的现有调查很少。这项研究首次使用技术接受模型检验了选定因素对健康科学学生采用遗传检测应用的意图的影响，同时比较了两个不同的文化群体：希腊人（欧洲；基督教）和马来人（亚洲；穆斯林）。
与希腊学生相比，马来学生更相信基因组学在药物管理方面的好处。然而，来自这两个国家的参与者似乎都特别相信基因组学在疾病管理方面的好处。此外，两国的学生都认为企业或政府机构可能滥用遗传信息是他们最关心的问题；与马来学生相比，希腊学生似乎不太担心其他可能的危险，例如隐私和保密性保护不足，这可能归因于他们的宗教背景。来自两个样本的参与者对遗传研究和检测表示出非常积极的态度，并表示愿意采用遗传检测进行个人使用。探索性因素分析和路径分析对两个样本都产生了相当相似的结果。路径分析表明，态度、关注、药物管理益处和疾病管理益处这四个因素显著影响了学生采用遗传检测进行个人使用的意图，态度是最具启发性的因素，影响较大，而培训似乎并没有影响参与者的意图。两个模型的平方多重相关性都相当令人满意，马来西亚样本达到了 0.55。
两个群体的结果相似，以及相关的有效性和可靠性测试表明，所提出的模型非常适合未来的研究，以解释利益相关者采用遗传检测的意图。因此，它可以为未来的模型开发提供有希望和可靠的基础，以解释采用遗传检测的意图与其预测因素之间的关系。
