Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, Guangdong, China.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Mar 15;41(1):100. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02319-z.
DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms to regulate gene expression, which is highly dynamic during development and specifically maintained in somatic cells. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns are strongly associated with human diseases including cancer. How are the cell-specific DNA methylation patterns established or disturbed is a pivotal question in developmental biology and cancer epigenetics. Currently, compelling evidence has emerged that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) mediates DNA methylation in both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of lncRNA-mediated DNA methylation, with emphasis on the roles of this mechanism in cancer, which to the best of our knowledge, has not been systematically summarized. In addition, we also discuss the potential clinical applications of this mechanism in RNA-targeting drug development.
DNA 甲基化是调控基因表达的最重要的表观遗传机制之一，其在发育过程中高度动态，并在体细胞中特异性维持。异常的 DNA 甲基化模式与包括癌症在内的人类疾病密切相关。细胞特异性 DNA 甲基化模式是如何建立或破坏的，这是发育生物学和癌症表观遗传学中的一个关键问题。目前，有强有力的证据表明，长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）在生理和病理条件下介导 DNA 甲基化。在这篇综述中，我们提供了对 lncRNA 介导的 DNA 甲基化的最新理解的概述，重点介绍了这一机制在癌症中的作用，据我们所知，这一作用尚未得到系统总结。此外，我们还讨论了这一机制在 RNA 靶向药物开发中的潜在临床应用。
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