Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Invasive Cardiology Unit, Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II, Daleka 11, 05-825 Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland.
Cells. 2022 May 5;11(9):1553. doi: 10.3390/cells11091553.
Despite the significant decline in mortality, cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of death worldwide. Among them, myocardial infarction (MI) seems to be the most important. A further decline in the death rate may be achieved by the introduction of molecularly targeted drugs. It seems that the components of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway are good candidates for this. The PI3K/Akt pathway plays a key role in the regulation of the growth and survival of cells, such as cardiomyocytes. In addition, it has been shown that the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway results in the alleviation of the negative post-infarct changes in the myocardium and is impaired in the state of diabetes. In this article, the role of this pathway was described in each step of ischemia and subsequent left ventricular remodeling. In addition, we point out the most promising substances which need more investigation before introduction into clinical practice. Moreover, we present the impact of diabetes and widely used cardiac and antidiabetic drugs on the PI3K/Akt pathway and discuss the molecular mechanism of its effects on myocardial ischemia and left ventricular remodeling.
尽管死亡率显著下降，但心血管疾病仍然是全球死亡的主要原因。其中，心肌梗死 (MI) 似乎最为重要。通过引入靶向分子药物，可能会进一步降低死亡率。PI3K/Akt 信号通路的成分似乎是此类药物的良好候选物。PI3K/Akt 通路在调节细胞（如心肌细胞）的生长和存活方面发挥着关键作用。此外，已经表明 PI3K/Akt 通路的激活可减轻心肌梗死后的负面变化，并在糖尿病状态下受到损害。在本文中，描述了该通路在缺血及随后的左心室重构的各个阶段中的作用。此外，我们还指出了最有前途的物质，这些物质在引入临床实践之前需要进一步研究。此外，我们介绍了糖尿病以及广泛使用的心脏和抗糖尿病药物对 PI3K/Akt 通路的影响，并讨论了其对心肌缺血和左心室重构影响的分子机制。
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