《美国不同年龄段幼儿母亲对 COVID-19 公共卫生建议的体验：一项定性研究》。
Experiences with Public Health Recommendations for COVID-19: A Qualitative Study of Diverse Mothers with Young Children in the United States.
机构信息
Assistant Professor, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Research Facilitator, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
出版信息
J Commun Healthc. 2022;15(1):64-73. doi: 10.1080/17538068.2022.2035923. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
BACKGROUND
Despite the increased availability of vaccines, masking and social distancing remain important strategies to mitigate COVID-19 transmission. This qualitative study aimed to better understand experiences navigating public health recommendations to slow the spread of COVID-19 among economically and ethnically diverse mothers with young children.
METHODS
Mothers of preschoolers (n=25) were recruited from Project EAT 2010-2018 (Eating and Activity over Time) longitudinal cohort. Participants completed a virtual semi-structured interview about their experiences during COVID-19. Interview transcripts were coded using deductive and inductive content analysis and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify themes.
RESULTS
The first identified theme, "Selective adherence to recommendations" included subthemes highlighting how social distancing was more challenging than mask wearing, family and children were primary reasons for reduced adherence, and concern for the wellbeing of others influenced adherence. The second theme, "Personal experiences and relationships were important determinants of perceived severity of the virus and critical aspects of desired support," included subthemes on feelings of uncertainty, personal experiences with the virus, and desired community supports. Participants felt stressed and confused about what information to trust. Personal experiences with COVID-19 influenced perceptions of its seriousness, and mothers were more confident about following recommendations when they them from trusted medical professionals and desired for communities to work together.
CONCLUSIONS
How findings among this diverse population of mothers can help inform future public health messaging and policies throughout the remainder of this pandemic, its aftermath, and future public health emergencies, in which masking and social distancing will be needed, are discussed.
背景
尽管疫苗的可及性增加了，但戴口罩和保持社交距离仍然是减轻 COVID-19 传播的重要策略。本定性研究旨在更好地了解经济和种族多样化的有幼儿的母亲在遵循减缓 COVID-19 传播的公共卫生建议方面的经验。
方法
从 EAT 2010-2018（随时间的饮食和活动）纵向队列中招募了学龄前儿童的母亲（n=25）。参与者完成了一项关于他们在 COVID-19 期间经历的虚拟半结构化访谈。使用演绎和归纳内容分析对访谈记录进行编码，并使用主题分析进行分析，以确定主题。
结果
第一个确定的主题是“对建议的选择性遵循”，包括强调社交距离比戴口罩更具挑战性、家庭和孩子是减少遵守的主要原因以及对他人健康的关注影响遵守的子主题。第二个主题是“个人经历和关系是感知病毒严重程度和所需支持的关键方面的重要决定因素”，包括对不确定性的感觉、个人对病毒的经历以及对社区支持的期望的子主题。参与者感到压力和困惑，不知道该相信哪些信息。个人对 COVID-19 的经历影响了对其严重性的看法，并且当母亲从可信赖的医疗专业人员那里获得建议并期望社区共同努力时，她们更有信心遵守建议。
结论
讨论了这一多样化的母亲群体的研究结果如何有助于为未来的公共卫生信息和政策提供信息，无论是在当前大流行期间、其后果期间还是未来需要戴口罩和保持社交距离的公共卫生紧急情况期间。
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