Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Social Studies, College of Arts, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
PLoS One. 2022 May 23;17(5):e0268659. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268659. eCollection 2022.
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has undergone a significant transformation in eating habits and the native diets have been replaced with Western diets. The present study investigated the effect of dietary behavior on nutritional status and associated factors of Yemeni students studying in Saudi Arabia. The socioeconomic characteristics, food habits, daily food intake, and anthropometric measurement (BMI) were used to assess the nutrition status of 240 adults (120 males and 120 females) Yemni students with the ages ranging from 18 to 35 years studying at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. The majority of students were married, had higher education level and reasonable income and eat three meals a day. Higher number of female studnets skipped breakfast compared to male students. Energy intake, i.e., vitamins and minerals was lower than the dietary recommended intake (DRI) for both male and female students. The majority of males were overweight compared to females. Most of the socioeconomic characteristics and food habits had positive or negative correlation with body mass index (BMI). Overall, the results revealed that the majority of Yemeni male students had poor eating habits compared to females, resulting in obesity. High income, number of meals per day, breakfast consumption, restaurant meals, consumption of soft drinks, sweets, and potato chips were identified as factors associated with the nutritional status of male and female students included in the study.
沙特阿拉伯王国的饮食习惯发生了重大转变，本土饮食已被西方饮食所取代。本研究旨在探讨饮食行为对在沙特阿拉伯留学的也门学生营养状况及相关因素的影响。本研究选取了 240 名年龄在 18 至 35 岁之间、在沙特阿拉伯国王大学就读的也门学生，对其社会经济特征、饮食习惯、每日食物摄入量和人体测量（BMI）进行了评估，其中包括 120 名男性和 120 名女性。结果显示，大多数学生已婚，具有较高的教育水平和合理的收入，并每天吃三顿饭。与男性学生相比，更多的女性学生不吃早餐。男性和女性学生的能量摄入（即维生素和矿物质）均低于膳食推荐摄入量（DRI）。与女性相比，大多数男性学生超重。大多数社会经济特征和饮食习惯与体重指数（BMI）呈正相关或负相关。总的来说，研究结果表明，与女性相比，大多数也门男学生的饮食习惯较差，导致肥胖。高收入、每日用餐次数、早餐摄入、外出就餐、软饮料、甜食和薯片的摄入被认为是与研究中包括的男女学生营养状况相关的因素。
