Sivanantharajah Lovesha, Mudher Amritpal
School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor Gwynedd, United Kingdom.
Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 May 19;13:903119. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.903119. eCollection 2022.
Global forecasts for prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) estimate that 152.8 million people will have dementia in 2050, a sharp rise from 57.4 million in 2019 (GBD 2019). This rise can be attributable to increases in population growth and aging, but in the absence of disease-modifying therapies it poses a huge societal challenge that must be addressed urgently. One way to combat this challenge is to explore the utility of holistic treatments that may protect against AD, including traditional herbs, spices and other nutraceuticals that are pharmacologically safe, inexpensive and readily available. In this light, the spice turmeric, and its active ingredient curcumin, has been investigated as a potential holistic treatment for AD over the past 2 decades; however, promising results with animal studies have not translated to success in clinical trials. One issue is that most animal models examining the effects of curcumin and curcumin derivatives in AD have been done with a focus at ameliorating amyloid pathology. Due to the limited success of Amyloid-β-based drugs in recent clinical trials, tau-focused therapeutics provide a promising alternative. In this article, we aim to provide a clearer picture of what is currently known about the effectiveness of curcumin and curcumin derivatives to ameliorate tau pathology. Tau focused studies may help inform more successful clinical studies by placing greater emphasis on the development and optimised delivery of curcumin derivatives that more effectively target tau pathology.
全球对阿尔茨海默病(AD)患病率的预测估计,到2050年将有1.528亿人患有痴呆症,与2019年的5740万人相比大幅上升(全球疾病负担研究2019)。这种上升可归因于人口增长和老龄化,但在缺乏疾病修饰疗法的情况下,这构成了一项必须紧急应对的巨大社会挑战。应对这一挑战的一种方法是探索可能预防AD的整体治疗方法的效用,包括传统草药、香料和其他药理安全、价格低廉且易于获得的营养保健品。有鉴于此,在过去20年中,香料姜黄及其活性成分姜黄素已被作为AD的一种潜在整体治疗方法进行了研究;然而,动物研究取得的有希望的结果并未转化为临床试验的成功。一个问题是,大多数研究姜黄素和姜黄素衍生物对AD影响的动物模型都集中在改善淀粉样蛋白病理学方面。由于基于β-淀粉样蛋白的药物在最近的临床试验中取得的成功有限,针对tau蛋白的治疗方法提供了一个有希望的替代方案。在本文中,我们旨在更清楚地了解目前已知的姜黄素和姜黄素衍生物改善tau蛋白病理学有效性的情况。专注于tau蛋白的研究可能有助于通过更加强调开发和优化更有效地靶向tau蛋白病理学的姜黄素衍生物,为更成功的临床研究提供信息。