肉种鸡生长曲线和饲粮能量-蛋白比对蛋品质和蛋组成的影响。

Impact of growth curve and dietary energy-to-protein ratio of broiler breeders on egg quality and egg composition.

机构信息

De Heus Animal Nutrition B.V., Ede 6717 VE, the Netherlands; Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, Wageningen NL-6700 AH, the Netherlands; Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, Wageningen NL-6700 AH, the Netherlands.

De Heus Animal Nutrition B.V., Ede 6717 VE, the Netherlands.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2022 Jul;101(7):101946. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101946. Epub 2022 May 2.

DOI:10.1016/j.psj.2022.101946

PMID:35671619

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9168161/

Abstract

Egg characteristics have an impact on embryonic development and post-hatch performance of broilers. The impact of growth curve (GC) and dietary energy-to-protein ratio of broiler breeder hens on egg characteristics was investigated. At hatch, 1,536 pullets were randomly allotted to 24 pens in a 2 × 4 factorial dose-response design with 2 GC (standard growth curve = SGC or elevated growth curve = EGC (+ 15%)) and 4 diets, differing in energy-to-protein ratio (defined as 96%, 100%, 104% and 108% AME diet). Feed allocation per treatment was adapted weekly to achieve the targeted GC and to achieve pair-gain of breeders within each GC. Breeders on an EGC produced larger eggs (∆ = 2.3 g; P < 0.001) compared to breeders on a SGC. An exponential regression curve, with age (wk) of the breeders, was fitted to describe the impact of GC and dietary energy-to-protein ratio on egg composition. Yolk weight was 0.8 g higher for eggs from EGC breeders than from SGC breeders (a-108.10.907, where a was 22.1 and 22.9 for SGC and EGC, respectively; R = 0.97; P<0.001). An interaction between GC and dietary energy-to-protein ratio on albumen weight was observed (P = 0.04). Dietary energy-to-protein ratio did not affect albumen weight in SGC breeders (42.7-56.20.934; R = 0.89), but for EGC breeders, a higher dietary energy-to-protein ratio resulted in a 0.9 g lower albumen weight from 96% AME to 108% AME (a-62.9*0.926, where a was 43.4, 43.2, 42.8, and 42.5 for 96% AME, 100% AME, 104% AME, and 108% AME, respectively; R = 0.86). Albumen DM content decreased linearly with an increased dietary energy-to-protein ratio, but this was more profound in EGC breeders (β = -0.03 %/% AME) than in SGC breeders (β = -0.01 %/% AME; P = 0.03). Overall, it can be concluded that an EGC for breeders led to larger eggs with a more yolk and albumen, whereas dietary energy-to-protein ratio had minor effects on egg composition.

摘要

蛋的特性会影响肉鸡的胚胎发育和孵化后性能。本研究旨在探讨肉鸡种鸡的生长曲线（GC）和饲粮能量-蛋白比（E/P）对蛋特性的影响。在孵化时，将 1536 只母鸡随机分配到 24 个栏位，采用 2×4 因子设计，2 个 GC（标准生长曲线=SGC 或升高生长曲线=EGC（+15%））和 4 种饲粮，E/P 比分别为 96%、100%、104%和 108%AME 饲粮。每周根据每种处理的饲料分配情况来调整目标 GC，并在每个 GC 内实现种鸡的配对增重。与 SGC 种鸡相比，EGC 种鸡产的蛋更大（∆=2.3g；P＜0.001）。用一个描述 GC 和饲粮 E/P 比影响蛋成分的指数回归曲线来拟合种鸡的年龄（周）。EGC 种鸡产的蛋蛋黄重比 SGC 种鸡高 0.8g（a-108.10.907，其中 a 分别为 22.1 和 22.9；R=0.97；P＜0.001）。观察到 GC 和饲粮 E/P 比对蛋清重有互作效应（P=0.04）。在 SGC 种鸡中，饲粮 E/P 比不影响蛋清重（42.7-56.20.934；R=0.89），但对于 EGC 种鸡，从 96%AME 到 108%AME 饲粮，E/P 比越高，蛋清重越低 0.9g（a-62.9*0.926，其中 a 分别为 43.4、43.2、42.8 和 42.5，代表 96%AME、100%AME、104%AME 和 108%AME；R=0.86）。蛋清 DM 含量随饲粮 E/P 比线性下降，但在 EGC 种鸡中更为明显（β=-0.03%/%AME），而在 SGC 种鸡中不明显（β=-0.01%/%AME；P=0.03）。总之，升高种鸡的 GC 会导致蛋更大，蛋黄和蛋清更多，而饲粮 E/P 比对蛋成分的影响较小。