Xu Ran, Kiarie Elijah G, Yiannikouris Alexandros, Sun Lvhui, Karrow Niel A
Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Alltech Inc., Center for Animal Nutrigenomics and Applied Animal Nutrition, 3031 Catnip Hill, Road, Nicholasville, KY, 40356, USA.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2022 Jun 8;13(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s40104-022-00714-2.
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that are commonly detected as natural contaminants in agricultural commodities worldwide. Mycotoxin exposure can lead to mycotoxicosis in both animals and humans when found in animal feeds and food products, and at lower concentrations can affect animal performance by disrupting nutrient digestion, absorption, metabolism, and animal physiology. Thus, mycotoxin contamination of animal feeds represents a significant issue to the livestock industry and is a health threat to food animals. Since prevention of mycotoxin formation is difficult to undertake to avoid contamination, mitigation strategies are needed. This review explores how the mycotoxins aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins and ochratoxin A impose nutritional and metabolic effects on food animals and summarizes mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of mycotoxicity.
霉菌毒素是丝状真菌产生的有毒次生代谢产物，在全球范围内的农产品中通常被检测为天然污染物。当在动物饲料和食品中发现霉菌毒素时，接触霉菌毒素会导致动物和人类发生霉菌毒素中毒，较低浓度的霉菌毒素会通过扰乱营养物质的消化、吸收、代谢和动物生理机能来影响动物生产性能。因此，动物饲料中的霉菌毒素污染对畜牧业来说是一个重大问题，并且对食用动物构成健康威胁。由于难以通过预防霉菌毒素形成来避免污染，因此需要采取缓解策略。本综述探讨了黄曲霉毒素、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马菌素和赭曲霉毒素A这些霉菌毒素如何对食用动物产生营养和代谢影响，并总结了降低霉菌毒素中毒风险的缓解策略。
