《Fast Track 干预对家庭环境的代际影响：一项随机对照试验》。
Intergenerational effects of the Fast Track intervention on the home environment: A randomized control trial.
机构信息
Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Mailman Center for Child Development, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
出版信息
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2023 May;64(5):820-830. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13648. Epub 2022 Jun 15.
BACKGROUND
Maladaptive family environments harm child development and are passed across generations. Childhood interventions may break this intergenerational cycle by improving the family environments children form as adults. The present study investigates this hypothesis by examining follow-up data collected 18 years after the end of the childhood Fast Track intervention designed to prevent externalizing problems.
METHODS
We examined whether Fast Track assignment from grades 1 to 10 prevented the emergence of maladaptive family environments at age 34. A total of 400 (n = 206 in intervention condition, n = 194 controls) Fast Track participants who were parents at age 34 were surveyed about 11 aspects of their current family environment. The hypotheses and analytic plan were preregistered at https://osf.io/dz9t5 and the Fast Track trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01653535).
RESULTS
Multiple group linear regression models revealed that mothers who participated in the Fast Track intervention as children had lower depression symptoms, alcohol problems, drug problems, corporal punishment use, and food insecurity compared to control group mothers. All effects were modest in magnitude. However, for these same mothers, the Fast Track intervention had no effect on cannabis problems, experiences of romantic partner violence, or maternal use of physical aggression or warmth with their children. Additionally, mothers in the Fast Track intervention group reported higher levels of family chaos than those in the control group, but this effect may be a byproduct of the higher number of children per household in the intervention group. No intervention effects were found for fathers who participated in the Fast Track intervention as children.
CONCLUSIONS
Childhood assignment to Fast Track has some beneficial effects for girls, but not boys, on the family environments these individuals formed as adults 18 years later.
背景
不良的家庭环境会损害儿童的发展，并代际传递。儿童时期的干预措施可以通过改善儿童成年后形成的家庭环境来打破这种代际循环。本研究通过考察预防外化问题的儿童期快速通道干预结束 18 年后收集的随访数据来检验这一假设。
方法
我们检验了从 1 年级到 10 年级的快速通道分配是否可以防止 34 岁时出现不良家庭环境。共有 400 名（干预组 206 名，对照组 194 名）作为父母的快速通道参与者在 34 岁时接受了关于其当前家庭环境 11 个方面的调查。假设和分析计划在 https://osf.io/dz9t5 上预先注册，快速通道试验在 clinicaltrials.gov（NCT01653535）上注册。
结果
多组线性回归模型显示，作为儿童时期参加快速通道干预的母亲与对照组母亲相比，抑郁症状、酒精问题、药物问题、体罚使用和食物不安全的发生率较低。所有的影响都很小。然而，对于这些同样的母亲，快速通道干预对大麻问题、浪漫伴侣暴力经历或母亲对孩子使用身体攻击或温暖的行为没有影响。此外，快速通道干预组的母亲报告家庭混乱程度高于对照组，但这种影响可能是干预组每个家庭孩子数量较多的副产品。作为儿童时期参加快速通道干预的父亲没有发现干预效果。
结论
童年时期被分配到快速通道的女孩，而不是男孩，在成年后 18 年形成的家庭环境方面有一些有益的影响。
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