特定跑步假肢模型、刚度和高度会影响单侧截肢运动员在不同速度下的生物力学和不对称性。

Running-specific prosthesis model, stiffness and height affect biomechanics and asymmetry of athletes with unilateral leg amputations across speeds.

作者信息

Tacca Joshua R, Beck Owen N, Taboga Paolo, Grabowski Alena M

机构信息

Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.

Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.

出版信息

R Soc Open Sci. 2022 Jun 1;9(6):211691. doi: 10.1098/rsos.211691. eCollection 2022 Jun.

Athletes with transtibial amputation (TTA) use running-specific prostheses (RSPs) to run. RSP configuration likely affects the biomechanics of such athletes across speeds. We determined how the use of three RSP models (Catapult, Sprinter and Xtend) with three stiffness categories (recommended, ±1), and three heights (recommended, ±2 cm) affected contact length ( ), stance average vertical ground reaction force ( ), step frequency ( ) and asymmetry between legs for 10 athletes with unilateral TTA at 3-7 m s. The use of the Xtend versus Catapult RSP decreased ( = 2.69 × 10) and asymmetry ( = 0.032); the effect on asymmetry diminished with faster speeds ( = 0.0020). The use of the Sprinter versus Catapult RSP decreased asymmetry ( = 7.00 × 10); this effect was independent of speed ( = 0.90). The use of a stiffer RSP decreased asymmetry ( ≤ 0.00033); this effect was independent of speed ( ≥ 0.071). The use of a shorter RSP decreased ( = 5.86 × 10), ( = 8.58 × 10) and asymmetry ( = 0.0011); each effect was independent of speed ( ≥ 0.15). To minimize asymmetry, athletes with unilateral TTA should use an Xtend or Sprinter RSP with 2 cm shorter than recommended height and stiffness based on intended speed.

经胫骨截肢（TTA）的运动员使用特定跑步假肢（RSP）进行跑步。RSP的配置可能会影响此类运动员在不同速度下的生物力学。我们确定了三种RSP模型（弹射器、短跑者和伸展）与三种刚度类别（推荐值、±1）以及三种高度（推荐值、±2厘米）的使用，对10名单侧TTA运动员在3 - 7米/秒速度下的接触长度、站立时平均垂直地面反作用力、步频以及双腿间不对称性的影响。与弹射器RSP相比，使用伸展RSP可减少接触长度（P = 2.69×10）和双腿间不对称性（P = 0.032）；随着速度加快，对双腿间不对称性的影响减小（P = 0.0020）。与弹射器RSP相比，使用短跑者RSP可减少双腿间不对称性（P = 7.00×10）；这种影响与速度无关（P = 0.90）。使用更硬的RSP可减少双腿间不对称性（P≤0.00033）；这种影响与速度无关（P≥0.071）。使用更短的RSP可减少接触长度（P = 5.86×10）、平均垂直地面反作用力（P = 8.58×10）和双腿间不对称性（P = 0.0011）；每种影响都与速度无关（P≥0.15）。为了使不对称性最小化，单侧TTA运动员应根据预期速度使用比推荐高度短2厘米且具有相应刚度的伸展或短跑者RSP。