Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
Cells. 2022 Jun 19;11(12):1971. doi: 10.3390/cells11121971.
Phototoxicity induced by antibiotics is a real problem in health care. The discontinuation of antibiotic therapy due to a phototoxic reaction can lead to the development of resistant strains. Fluoroquinolones are widely used antibiotics that exhibit phototoxic activity under UVA radiation. The purpose of the study was to examine the redox status of human dermal fibroblasts exposed to UVA radiation and treated with lomefloxacin, the most phototoxic fluoroquinolone. Lomefloxacin alone was found to have an antiproliferative activity on fibroblasts by affecting the cell cycle. In addition, the drug caused a redox imbalance associated with the decreased expression of catalase and glutathione peroxidase. UVA radiation increased the drug cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by lomefloxacin. The decrease in cell viability was accompanied by a high level of reactive oxygen species and extensive changes in the antioxidant levels. The revealed data indicate that the phototoxic action of lomefloxacin results from both increased reactive oxygen species production and an impaired antioxidant defense system. Considering all of the findings, it can be concluded that lomefloxacin-induced phototoxic reactions are caused by an oxidoreductive imbalance in skin cells.
抗生素的光毒性是医疗保健中的一个实际问题。由于光毒性反应而停止抗生素治疗可能会导致耐药菌株的产生。氟喹诺酮类抗生素被广泛应用，但在 UVA 辐射下会表现出光毒性活性。本研究的目的是检测人真皮成纤维细胞在 UVA 辐射下暴露并接受洛美沙星（最具光毒性的氟喹诺酮类药物）治疗后的氧化还原状态。洛美沙星本身通过影响细胞周期对成纤维细胞具有抗增殖活性。此外，该药物还会导致与过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶表达降低相关的氧化还原失衡。UVA 辐射增加了洛美沙星的药物细胞毒性和氧化应激。细胞活力的降低伴随着活性氧水平的升高和抗氧化剂水平的广泛变化。所揭示的数据表明，洛美沙星的光毒性作用既源于活性氧的产生增加，又源于抗氧化防御系统受损。考虑到所有这些发现，可以得出结论，洛美沙星诱导的光毒性反应是由皮肤细胞中的氧化还原失衡引起的。
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