寻求治疗的超重和肥胖患者的执行功能：横断面数据与纵向视角
Executive Functions in Overweight and Obese Treatment-Seeking Patients: Cross-Sectional Data and Longitudinal Perspectives.
作者信息
La Marra Marco, Villano Ines, Ilardi Ciro Rosario, Carosella Mario, Staiano Maria, Iavarone Alessandro, Chieffi Sergio, Messina Giovanni, Polito Rita, Porro Chiara, Scarinci Alessia, Monda Vincenzo, Carotenuto Marco, Di Maio Girolamo, Messina Antonietta
机构信息
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.
出版信息
Brain Sci. 2022 Jun 14;12(6):777. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12060777.
BACKGROUND
Recent evidence suggests that a higher body weight may be linked to cognitive impairment in different domains involving executive/frontal functioning. However, challenging results are also available. Accordingly, our study was designed to verify whether (i) poor executive functions are related to a higher body weight and (ii) executive functioning could contribute to weight loss in treatment-seeking overweight and obese patients.
METHODS
We examined general executive functioning, inhibitory control, verbal fluency, and psychomotor speed in a sample including 104 overweight and obese patients. Forty-eight normal-weight subjects participated in the study as controls.
RESULTS
Univariate Analysis of Variance showed that obese patients obtained lower scores than overweight and normal-weight subjects in all executive measures, except for errors in the Stroop test. However, when sociodemographic variables entered the model as covariates, no between-group difference was detected. Furthermore, an adjusted multiple linear regression model highlighted no relationship between weight loss and executive scores at baseline.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results provide further evidence for the lack of association between obesity and the executive domains investigated. Conflicting findings from previous literature may likely be due to the unchecked confounding effects exerted by sociodemographic variables and inclusion/exclusion criteria.
背景
最近的证据表明，较高的体重可能与涉及执行/额叶功能的不同领域的认知障碍有关。然而，也有具有挑战性的结果。因此，我们的研究旨在验证：（i）较差的执行功能是否与较高的体重有关；（ii）执行功能是否有助于寻求治疗的超重和肥胖患者减肥。
方法
我们在一个包括104名超重和肥胖患者的样本中检查了一般执行功能、抑制控制、语言流畅性和心理运动速度。48名体重正常的受试者作为对照参与了研究。
结果
单因素方差分析表明，除了斯特鲁普测试中的错误外，肥胖患者在所有执行测量中的得分均低于超重和体重正常的受试者。然而，当社会人口统计学变量作为协变量进入模型时，未检测到组间差异。此外，调整后的多元线性回归模型强调基线时体重减轻与执行得分之间没有关系。
结论
我们的结果为肥胖与所研究的执行领域之间缺乏关联提供了进一步的证据。先前文献中相互矛盾的发现可能是由于社会人口统计学变量和纳入/排除标准产生的未加控制的混杂效应。
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