Swann W B, Griffin J J, Predmore S C, Gaines B
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1987 May;52(5):881-9. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.52.5.881.
Self-consistency theory assumes that people want others to treat them in a predictable manner. Self-enhancement theory contends that people want others to treat them in a positive manner. We attempted to help reconcile the two theories by testing the hypothesis that people's cognitive responses conform to self-consistency theory and their affective responses conform to self-enhancement theory. We presented individuals who possessed either positive or negative self-concepts with either favorable or unfavorable social feedback. We then measured cognitive reactions to the feedback (e.g., perceived self-descriptiveness) and affective reactions to the feedback (e.g., mood states). Cognitive responses were primarily driven by the consistency of the feedback and affective responses were controlled by how enhancing it was. We propose that conceptualizing cognition an affect as partially independent mental systems helps resolve some long-standing paradoxes regarding people's responses to self-relevant social feedback.
自我一致性理论假定人们希望他人以可预测的方式对待自己。自我提升理论则认为人们希望他人以积极的方式对待自己。我们试图通过检验以下假设来调和这两种理论：人们的认知反应符合自我一致性理论，而他们的情感反应符合自我提升理论。我们向拥有积极或消极自我概念的个体呈现了有利或不利的社会反馈。然后，我们测量了对反馈的认知反应（例如，感知到的自我描述性）和对反馈的情感反应（例如，情绪状态）。认知反应主要由反馈的一致性驱动，而情感反应则受其提升程度的控制。我们提出，将认知和情感概念化为部分独立的心理系统有助于解决一些关于人们对与自我相关的社会反馈的反应的长期存在的悖论。
