改善哺乳期妇女碘营养状况：什么方法有效？
Improving Iodine Status in Lactating Women: What Works?
机构信息
School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.
出版信息
Curr Nutr Rep. 2022 Dec;11(4):592-599. doi: 10.1007/s13668-022-00427-y. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Iodine deficiency is a global concern, and in recent years, there has been a significant improvement in the number of countries identified as being iodine-sufficient. This review considers the best strategies to ensure iodine sufficiency among breastfeeding women and their infants.
RECENT FINDINGS
Fortification strategies to improve iodine intake have been adequate for school-age children (SAC); however, often, iodine deficiency remains for breastfeeding women and their infants. Daily supplementation with iodine is not an ideal strategy to overcome deficiency. Countries defined as iodine-sufficient, but where pregnant and breastfeeding women have inadequate intake, should consider increasing salt iodine concentration, such that the median urinary iodine concentration of SAC can be up to 299 µg/L. This will ensure adequate intake for mothers and infants, without SAC being at risk thyroid dysfunction. Consensus is required for thresholds for iodine adequacy for breastfeeding women and infants.
目的综述
碘缺乏是一个全球性问题，近年来，被认定为碘充足的国家数量显著增加。本综述考虑了确保哺乳期妇女及其婴儿碘充足的最佳策略。
最近的发现
改善碘摄入量的强化策略对学龄儿童（SAC）是足够的；然而，哺乳期妇女及其婴儿的碘缺乏仍然存在。每天补充碘并不是克服缺乏症的理想策略。被定义为碘充足的国家，但其孕妇和哺乳期妇女碘摄入量不足，应考虑增加盐碘浓度，以使 SAC 的中位数尿碘浓度高达 299μg/L。这将确保母亲和婴儿摄入充足的碘，而不会使 SAC 面临甲状腺功能障碍的风险。需要就哺乳期妇女和婴儿的碘充足阈值达成共识。
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