Kim Seon Yoo, Kim Dongwoo, Kim Jisu, Ko Hae Young, Kim Won Jin, Park Youngjoo, Lee Hye Won, Han Dai Hoon, Kim Kyung Sik, Park Sunghyouk, Lee Misu, Yun Mijin
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Jul 10;14(14):3355. doi: 10.3390/cancers14143355.
HCC is well known for low glycolysis in the tumors, whereas hypoxia induces glycolytic phenotype and tumor progression. This study was conducted to evaluate the expression of SLCs in human HCCs and investigated whether extracellular nutrient administration related to SLCs in low-glycolytic HCC can prevent hypoxic tumor progression. SLCs expression was screened according to the level of glycolysis in HCCs. Then, whether extracellular nutrient treatment can affect hypoxic tumor progression, as well as the mechanisms, were evaluated in an in vitro cell line and an in vivo animal model. Low-glycolytic HCCs showed high /NaCT and /MCT1 but low /GLUT1 and /HIF1α expression. Especially, high expression was significantly associated with good overall survival in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In HepG2 cells with the highest NaCT expression, extracellular citrate treatment upon hypoxia induced HIF1α degradation, which led to reduced glycolysis and cellular proliferation. Finally, in HepG2-animal models, the citrate-treated group showed smaller tumor with less hypoxic areas than the vehicle-treated group. In patients with HCC, /NaCT is an important SLC, which is associated with low glycolysis and good prognosis. Extracellular citrate treatment induced the failure of metabolic adaptation to hypoxia and tumor growth inhibition, which can be a potential therapeutic strategy in HCCs.
肝癌以肿瘤中糖酵解水平低而闻名,而缺氧会诱导糖酵解表型和肿瘤进展。本研究旨在评估溶质载体(SLCs)在人类肝癌中的表达,并研究低糖酵解肝癌中与SLCs相关的细胞外营养物质给药是否能预防缺氧诱导的肿瘤进展。根据肝癌中的糖酵解水平筛选SLCs的表达。然后,在体外细胞系和体内动物模型中评估细胞外营养物质处理是否会影响缺氧诱导的肿瘤进展及其机制。低糖酵解肝癌显示出高/钠-协同转运蛋白(NaCT)和/单羧酸转运蛋白1(MCT1),但低/葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT1)和/缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF1α)表达。特别是,高表达在癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据库中与良好的总生存期显著相关。在NaCT表达最高的HepG2细胞中,缺氧时细胞外柠檬酸盐处理诱导HIF1α降解,导致糖酵解减少和细胞增殖降低。最后,在HepG2动物模型中,柠檬酸盐处理组的肿瘤比载体处理组更小,缺氧区域更少。在肝癌患者中,/NaCT是一种重要的SLC,与低糖酵解和良好预后相关。细胞外柠檬酸盐处理诱导对缺氧的代谢适应失败和肿瘤生长抑制,这可能是肝癌的一种潜在治疗策略。