An insight into optical beam induced current microscopy: Concepts and applications.

Laser scanning optical beam induced current (OBIC) microscopy has become a powerful and nondestructive alternative to other complicated methods like electron beam induced current (EBIC) microscopy, for high resolution defect analysis of electronic devices. OBIC is based on the generation of electron-hole pairs in the sample due to the raster scanning of a focused laser beam with energy equal or greater than the band gap energy and synchronized detection of resultant current profile with respect to the beam positions. OBIC is particularly suitable to localize defect sites caused by metal-semiconductor interdiffusion or electrostatic discharge (ESD). OBIC signals, thus, are capable of revealing the parameters/factors directly related to the reliability and efficiency of the electronic device under test (DUT). In this review, the basic principles of OBIC microscopy strategies and their notable applications in semiconductor device characterization are elucidated. An overview on the developments of OBIC microscopy is also presented. Specifically, the recent progresses on the following three OBIC measurement strategies have been reviewed, which include continuous laser based single photon OBIC, pulsed laser based single photon OBIC, and multiphoton OBIC microscopy for three-dimensional mapping of photocurrent response of electronic devices at high spatiotemporal resolution. Challenges and future prospects of OBIC in characterizing complex electronic devices are also discussed. HIGHLIGHTS: Characterization of electronic device quality is of paramount importance. Optical beam induced current (OBIC) microscopy offers spatially resolved mapping of local electronic properties. This review presents the principle and notable applications of OBIC microscopy.