Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Molecules. 2022 Jul 28;27(15):4830. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154830.
The quality of Radix Bupleuri is greatly affected by its growing environment. In this study, Radix Bupleuri samples that were harvested from seven different regions across northwest China were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) to reveal significant differences in quality contributed by the cultivation region. An HPLC-MS method was firstly established and used in the multiple reaction monitoring mode for the quantitative analysis of five saikosaponins in Radix Bupleuri so as to evaluate the difference in the absolute content of saikosaponins attributable to the cultivation region. The effect on the components of Radix Bupleuri was further investigated based on the profiles of the representative saponins and volatile compounds, which were extracted from the Radix Bupleuri samples and analyzed by HPLC-MS and GC-MS. Multivariate statistical analysis was employed to differentiate the Radix Bupleuri samples cultivated in different regions and to discover the differential compositions. The developed quantitative method was validated to be accurate, stable, sensitive, and repeatable for the determination of five saikosaponins. Further statistical tests revealed that the collected Radix Bupleuri samples were distinctly different from each other in terms of both saponins and volatile compounds, based on the provinces where they were grown. In addition, twenty-eight saponins and fifty-eight volatile compounds were identified as the differentially accumulated compositions that contributed to the discrimination of the Radix Bupleuri samples. The Radix Bupleuri samples grown in Shouyang county showed the highest content of saikosaponins. All of the results indicated that the cultivation region significantly affected the accumulation and diversity of the main chemical components of Radix Bupleuri. The findings of this research provide insights into the effect of the cultivation region on the quality of Radix Bupleuri and the differentiation of Radix Bupleuri cultivated in different regions based on the use of HPLC-MS and GC-MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
柴胡的质量受其生长环境的影响很大。本研究采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）和气相色谱（GC）与质谱（MS）联用技术，对中国西北七个不同地区采集的柴胡样品进行了检测，揭示了产地对柴胡质量的显著影响。首先建立了 HPLC-MS 方法，并采用多反应监测模式对柴胡中的五种柴胡皂苷进行定量分析，以评估产地对柴胡皂苷绝对含量的差异。基于代表皂苷和挥发性化合物的图谱，进一步研究了对柴胡成分的影响，这些化合物是从柴胡样品中提取出来的，并通过 HPLC-MS 和 GC-MS 进行分析。采用多元统计分析方法对不同产地的柴胡样品进行区分，并发现差异成分。所建立的定量方法经过验证，具有准确性、稳定性、灵敏度和重复性，可用于五种柴胡皂苷的测定。进一步的统计检验表明，根据产地的不同，所采集的柴胡样品在皂苷和挥发性化合物方面存在明显差异。此外，鉴定出二十八种皂苷和五十八种挥发性化合物作为差异积累成分，有助于区分柴胡样品。寿阳县种植的柴胡样品中柴胡皂苷含量最高。所有结果表明，产地显著影响了柴胡主要化学成分的积累和多样性。本研究通过 HPLC-MS 和 GC-MS 结合多元统计分析，深入了解了产地对柴胡质量的影响以及不同产地柴胡的区分。
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