The combination of microbiome and metabolome to analyze the cross-cooperation mechanism of polysaccharide with the gut microbiota and .

polysaccharide (EPP) is a functional compound in . At present, it is generally recognized that plant polysaccharides can regulate the intestinal microecology, but there are few studies on EPP. In this study, we used the digestive model (stomach-small intestine-colon) and a mouse model to study the effect of EPP on intestinal microecology and the mechanism. Also, combined with the microbiome and metabolome analysis methods, the interaction network mechanism of EPP-gut microbiota-metabolites-metabolism was investigated. After EPP was digested by human intestinal microbiota, the microbial diversity changed, with an increase in the relative abundance of and a decrease in the abundance of , and . After metabolism in mice, the concentration of short-chain fatty acids increased, the abundances of Muribaculaceae and increased, and those of Lachnospiraceae and decreased. Both and experiments revealed that EPP can downregulate the expression of 15 enzymes involved in porphyrin metabolism. In addition, the metabolome results also confirmed that alanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism are regulatory pathways of EPP. Tryptophan, ornithine, tyrosine, leucine, alanine and serine are hallmark metabolites. The cross-cooperation network greatly influenced the microbiota (, Lachnospiraceae), metabolites (tryptophan, beta-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate), and metabolism (glycosphingolipid biosynthesis), suggesting that they may be the key factors mediating the metabolic function of EPP. Therefore, EPP has the effect of enhancing the proliferation of gut-beneficial bacteria that metabolize polysaccharides and produce valuable metabolites.