Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133 Naples, Italy.
Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80143 Naples, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 13;19(18):11534. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811534.
The aim of this review was to appraise the literature on the effects of probiotics supplementation on gastrointestinal (GI) and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) risk and prognosis in athletes. The search was conducted using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed); Web of Science; Scopus; and SPORTDiscus (EBSCO). According to the PRISMA guidelines, randomized controlled studies performed on healthy athletes with a note dose of probiotics supplementation were considered. From the 2304 articles found, after eliminating reviews and studies on animals and unhealthy subjects and after screening of titles and abstracts, 403 studies were considered eligible. From these, in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 studies were selected, ten of which concerned endurance athletes. The majority of the studies reported beneficial effects of probiotics in reducing the risk of developing the examined infections or the severity of related symptoms. However, due to the differences in formulations used and populations analyzed in the available studies, further research is needed in this field to achieve stronger and more specific evidence.
本综述的目的是评估益生菌补充剂对运动员胃肠道（GI）和上呼吸道感染（URTI）风险和预后的影响。使用以下电子数据库进行了搜索：MEDLINE（PubMed）；Web of Science；Scopus；和 SPORTDiscus（EBSCO）。根据 PRISMA 指南，考虑了对健康运动员进行的随机对照研究，并注意了益生菌补充剂的剂量。在 2304 篇文章中，经过排除综述和动物研究以及标题和摘要筛选后，有 403 篇文章被认为符合条件。从这些文章中，根据纳入和排除标准，选择了 16 项研究，其中 10 项涉及耐力运动员。大多数研究报告了益生菌在降低所检查感染的风险或相关症状的严重程度方面的有益作用。然而，由于可用研究中使用的配方和分析的人群存在差异，因此需要在该领域进行进一步的研究，以获得更强和更具体的证据。
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