Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Sep 28;28(36):5240-5249. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i36.5240.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause pancreatic damage, both directly to the pancreas angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors (the transmembrane proteins required for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which are highly expressed by pancreatic cells) and indirectly through locoregional vasculitis and thrombosis. Despite that, there is no clear evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is an etiological agent of acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive patients often recognizes biliary or alcoholic etiology. The prevalence of acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 positive patients is not exactly known. However, COVID-19 positive patients with acute pancreatitis have a higher mortality and an increased risk of intensive care unit admission and necrosis compared to COVID-19 negative patients. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the most frequent cause of death in COVID-19 positive patients and concomitant acute pancreatitis. In this article, we reported recent evidence on the correlation between COVID-19 infection and acute pancreatitis.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)可导致胰腺损伤,既可直接作用于胰腺血管紧张素转换酶 2 受体(SARS-CoV-2 进入所需的跨膜蛋白,在胰腺细胞中高度表达),也可通过局部血管炎和血栓形成间接作用。尽管如此,尚无明确证据表明 SARS-CoV-2 是急性胰腺炎的病因。在 2019 冠状病毒病(COVID-19)阳性患者中,急性胰腺炎通常归因于胆源性或酒精性病因。COVID-19 阳性患者中急性胰腺炎的患病率尚不清楚。然而,COVID-19 阳性胰腺炎患者的死亡率更高,入住重症监护病房和发生坏死的风险增加,与 COVID-19 阴性患者相比。急性呼吸窘迫综合征是 COVID-19 阳性患者死亡的最常见原因,同时合并急性胰腺炎。本文报告了 COVID-19 感染与急性胰腺炎之间相关性的最新证据。