在富山，摇蚊诱发支气管哮喘的情况很常见。

Common occurrence in Toyama of bronchial asthma induced by chironomid midges.

作者信息

Igarashi T, Murakami G, Adachi Y, Matsuno M, Saeki Y, Okada T, Kawai K, Kumagai A, Sasa M

出版信息

Jpn J Exp Med. 1987 Feb;57(1):1-9.

Abstract

A total of 119 asthmatic children were investigated by prick tests for the hypersensitivity against chironomid antigens. The percentages of cases who showed positive prick tests to the antigens of the adults of Polypedilum kyotoense, Chironomus yoshimatsui and Tokunagayusurika akamusi, that of the larvae of Tokunagayusurika akamusi and of Dermatophagoides farinae were 23.5%, 17.6%, 7.6%, 16.0% and 94.2%, respectively. The correlations among the wheal size in prick test, the threshold dilution in the intradermal test, the RAST score, and the result of the provocation test were significant. The specific IgE antibodies against two additional midge species were measured with the Phadezyme RAST test in a total of 27 asthmatic cases who were positive to either of the 3 adult midge antigens previously tested. RAST was positive in 59.3% with Chironomus plumosus and 100% with Tanytarusus oyamai. In the RAST inhibition tests, the Polypedilum kyotoense antigen causing allergic reaction was shown to be quite independent from Dermatophagoides farinae. These results suggest that the extracts of chironomid midges have strong allergenicity, and are one of the important inhalant antigens causing asthma in Toyama.

摘要

通过点刺试验对119名哮喘儿童进行了摇蚊抗原超敏反应调查。对京都多足摇蚊、吉松摇蚊和赤背伊蚊成虫抗原、赤背伊蚊幼虫抗原及粉尘螨抗原点刺试验呈阳性的病例百分比分别为23.5%、17.6%、7.6%、16.0%和94.2%。点刺试验中的风团大小、皮内试验中的阈值稀释度、放射变应原吸附试验（RAST）评分及激发试验结果之间的相关性显著。在总共27例对之前检测的3种成年摇蚊抗原中的任何一种呈阳性的哮喘病例中，用Phadezyme RAST试验检测了针对另外两种摇蚊物种的特异性IgE抗体。对羽状摇蚊RAST呈阳性的占59.3%，对大山摇蚊呈阳性的占100%。在RAST抑制试验中，引起过敏反应的京都多足摇蚊抗原显示与粉尘螨完全无关。这些结果表明，摇蚊提取物具有很强的致敏性，是富山地区引起哮喘的重要吸入性抗原之一。