Laboratory of General Microbiology, Department of Biology of Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Oct 20;12:991657. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.991657. eCollection 2022.
The genera and were independently described in 1885. These Gram-negative rods colonize the human intestinal tract regarded as the main reservoir of these opportunistic pathogens. In favorable conditions they cause infections, often hospital-acquired ones. The activity of and , the leading pathogens within each genus, results in infections of the urinary (UTIs) and respiratory tracts, wounds, bacteremia, affecting mainly immunocompromised patients. and cause polymicrobial UTIs, which are often persistent due to the catheter biofilm formation or increasing resistance of the bacteria to antibiotics. In this situation a need arises to find the antigens with features common to both species. Among many virulence factors produced by both pathogens urease shows some structural similarities but the biggest similarities have been observed in lipids A and the core regions of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). Both species produce capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) but only in these antigens play a crucial role in the serological classification scheme, which in spp. is based on the structural and serological diversity of LPS O-polysaccharides (OPSs). Structural and serological similarities observed for spp. and spp. polysaccharides are important in the search for the cross-reacting vaccine antigens.
这两个属于于 1885 年被独立描述。这些革兰氏阴性杆菌定植于人类肠道，被认为是这些机会致病菌的主要储主。在有利的条件下，它们会引起感染，通常是医院获得性感染。属内主要病原体 和 的活性，导致尿路感染（UTIs）和呼吸道感染、伤口感染、菌血症，主要影响免疫功能低下的患者。 和 引起混合微生物尿路感染，由于导管生物膜形成或细菌对抗生素的耐药性增加，这些感染常常持续存在。在这种情况下，需要找到具有两种物种共同特征的抗原。在这两种病原体产生的许多毒力因子中，脲酶表现出一些结构相似性，但在脂 A 和脂多糖（LPS）的核心区域观察到最大的相似性。这两个属都产生荚膜多糖（CPS），但只有 在 中，这些抗原在血清学分型方案中起着至关重要的作用，在 spp. 中，该方案基于 LPS O-多糖（OPS）的结构和血清学多样性。观察到的 spp. 和 spp. 多糖的结构和血清学相似性在寻找交叉反应疫苗抗原方面非常重要。
