COVID-19 大流行期间急诊护士感知的领导实践：结构和心理赋权的作用。
Leadership Practices as Perceived by Emergency Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Structural and Psychological Empowerment.
出版信息
J Emerg Nurs. 2023 Jan;49(1):140-147. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2022.10.003. Epub 2022 Oct 12.
INTRODUCTION
To our knowledge, no studies have explored leadership practices in relation to structural and psychological empowerment among nurses during COVID-19. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine those relationships in Jordanian nurses working in emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
A descriptive, correlational cross-sectional design was used in this study. The participants were emergency nurses working at 3 large hospitals in Jordan. The participants were surveyed via an online questionnaire between September 2021 and January 2022. A total of 3 valid scales were included in the questionnaire to assess the nurses' clinical leadership practices in relation to perceived structural and psychological empowerment.
RESULTS
A total of 193 emergency nurses were surveyed, of which 116 participants (60.1%) were male, and their average age was 29.64 (SD 4.74) years. Nurses had a moderate level of clinical leadership practices 12.50 (SD 1.65), moderate level of perceived structural empowerment 3.67 (SD 0.44), and a high-moderate level of perceived psychological empowerment 5.96 (SD 0.65). Clinical leadership practices were shown to have a significant positive relationship with structural (r = 0.65; P < .01) and psychological (r = 0.74; P < .01) empowerment. Predictors of clinical leadership practices of the Jordanian emergency nurses during COVID-19 were ranked in order of significance; structural and psychological empowerments were the highest significant predictors. However, patient to nurse ratio (>6 patients/nurse) was the lowest significant predictor.
DISCUSSION
Although structural and psychological empowerments play a pivotal role in predicting the leadership practices of the emergency nurses in Jordan, the nurses should enhance their leadership style for better management and effective communication during critical situations such as pandemics.
简介
据我们所知，尚无研究探讨过 COVID-19 期间护士的领导力实践与结构和心理赋权之间的关系。因此，本研究的目的是在约旦 COVID-19 大流行期间在急诊科工作的护士中研究这些关系。
方法
本研究采用描述性、相关性的横断面设计。参与者为在约旦 3 家大医院工作的急诊护士。2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 1 月期间，通过在线问卷对参与者进行了调查。问卷中包括 3 个有效量表，用于评估护士的临床领导实践与感知的结构和心理赋权的关系。
结果
共调查了 193 名急诊护士，其中 116 名参与者（60.1%）为男性，平均年龄为 29.64（SD 4.74）岁。护士的临床领导实践能力中等，得分为 12.50（SD 1.65）；感知的结构赋权中等，得分为 3.67（SD 0.44）；感知的心理赋权为高-中等水平，得分为 5.96（SD 0.65）。临床领导实践能力与结构（r = 0.65；P <.01）和心理（r = 0.74；P <.01）赋权呈显著正相关。COVID-19 期间约旦急诊护士临床领导实践的预测因素按重要性排序；结构和心理赋权是最重要的显著预测因素。然而，护患比（>6 名患者/护士）是最低的显著预测因素。
讨论
尽管结构和心理赋权在预测约旦急诊护士的领导实践方面起着关键作用，但在大流行等危机时期，护士应加强领导风格，以进行更好的管理和有效的沟通。
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