血浆ω-3脂肪酸仅在蛋白质摄入量低的成年人中与四肢肌肉质量指数呈正相关：2011 - 2012年美国国家健康和营养检查调查结果

Plasma omega-3 fatty acids are positively associated with appendicular muscle mass index only in adults with low protein intake: Results from NHANES 2011-2012.

作者信息

de Branco Flávia M S, Rinaldi Ana Elisa M, Pereira Jaqueline L, Roschel Hamilton, Azeredo Catarina M, de Oliveira Erick P

机构信息

Laboratory of Nutrition, Exercise and Health (LaNES), School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

出版信息

Clin Nutr. 2023 Feb;42(2):76-82. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.11.014. Epub 2022 Nov 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.11.014

PMID:36508774

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids may indirectly increase muscle protein synthesis making the muscle more sensitive to amino acids uptake; therefore, ω-3 could promote benefits on muscle mass mainly when protein intake is low. However, no study has evaluated the association between ω-3 fatty acids and muscle mass according to protein intake.

AIM

To evaluate the association between plasma ω-3 fatty acids and appendicular muscle mass index (AMMI) in adults according to the protein intake.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was performed evaluating 1037 individuals aged 20-59 years from a sub-sample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used to assess plasma ω-3 fatty acids. The lean mass was evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and AMMI (kg/m) was calculated by appendicular lean mass (kg) divided by height squared. The evaluation of protein intake was performed using two 24-h dietary recalls. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association of total plasma ω-3, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), and EPA plus DHA with AMMI according to protein intake (<0.8; ≥0.8; ≥0.8 - <1.2; ≥1.2 - <1.6; and ≥1.6 g/kg/d).

RESULTS

Total plasma ω-3 (β = 0.0030; CI = 0.0013-0.0046; p = 0.002), ALA (β = 0.0063; CI = 0.0020-0.0107; p = 0.008), EPA (β = 0.0073; CI = 0.0005-0.0142, p = 0.037), DHA (β = 0.0057; CI = 0.0022-0.0093; p = 0.004) and EPA + DHA (β = 0.0040; CI = 0.0010-0.0071; p = 0.013) were positively associated with AMMI in individuals with low protein intake (<0.8 g/kg). However, no association was observed in individuals with protein intake higher than 0.8 g/kg.

CONCLUSION

Plasma ω-3 fatty acids were positively associated with AMMI only in individuals with low protein intake.

摘要

背景

ω-3脂肪酸可能间接增加肌肉蛋白质合成，使肌肉对氨基酸摄取更敏感；因此，ω-3主要在蛋白质摄入量低时可能对肌肉量产生有益影响。然而，尚无研究根据蛋白质摄入量评估ω-3脂肪酸与肌肉量之间的关联。

目的

根据蛋白质摄入量评估成年人血浆ω-3脂肪酸与四肢肌肉量指数（AMMI）之间的关联。

方法

进行了一项横断面研究，评估了2011 - 2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）子样本中1037名年龄在20 - 59岁的个体。采用气相色谱 - 质谱法评估血浆ω-3脂肪酸。通过双能X线吸收法（DXA）评估瘦体重，并通过四肢瘦体重（kg）除以身高平方计算AMMI（kg/m）。使用两次24小时饮食回顾进行蛋白质摄入量评估。进行线性回归分析，以根据蛋白质摄入量（<0.8；≥0.8；≥0.8 - <1.2；≥1.2 - <1.6；以及≥1.6 g/kg/d）评估总血浆ω-3、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、α-亚麻酸（ALA）以及EPA加DHA与AMMI之间的关联。

结果

在蛋白质摄入量低（<0.8 g/kg）的个体中，总血浆ω-3（β = 0.0030；CI = 0.0013 - 0.0046；p = 0.002）、ALA（β = 0.0063；CI = 0.0020 - 0.0107；p = 0.008）、EPA（β = 0.0073；CI = 0.0005 - 0.0142，p = 0.037）、DHA（β = 0.0057；CI = 0.0022 - 0.0093；p = 0.004）以及EPA + DHA（β = 0.0040；CI = 0.0010 - 0.0071；p = 0.013）与AMMI呈正相关。然而，在蛋白质摄入量高于0.8 g/kg的个体中未观察到关联。