Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014Hangzhou, China.
Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RALeiden, The Netherlands.
Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Feb 21;57(7):2792-2803. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07660. Epub 2023 Feb 6.
Herein, we investigated to which extent metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) affect the trophic transfer of other coexisting MNPs from lettuce to terrestrial snails and the associated tissue-specific distribution using toxicokinetic (TK) modeling and single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. During a period of 22 days, snails were fed with lettuce leaves that were root exposed to AgNO (0.05 mg/L), AgNPs (0.75 mg/L), TiONPs (200 mg/L), and a mixture of AgNPs and TiONPs (equivalent doses as for single NPs). The uptake rate constants () were 0.08 and 0.11 kg leaves/kg snail/d for Ag and 1.63 and 1.79 kg leaves/kg snail/d for Ti in snails fed with NPs single- and mixture-exposed lettuce, respectively. The elimination rate constants () of Ag in snails exposed to single AgNPs and mixed AgNPs were comparable to the corresponding , while the for Ti were lower than the corresponding . As a result, single TiONP treatments as well as exposure to mixtures containing TiONPs induced significant biomagnification from lettuce to snails with kinetic trophic transfer factors (TTF) of 7.99 and 6.46. The TTF of Ag in the single AgNPs treatment (1.15 kg leaves/kg snail) was significantly greater than the TTF in the mixture treatment (0.85 kg leaves/kg snail), while the fraction of Ag remaining in the body of snails after AgNPs exposure (36%) was lower than the Ag fraction remaining after mixture exposure (50%). These results indicated that the presence of TiONPs inhibited the trophic transfer of AgNPs from lettuce to snails but enhanced the retention of AgNPs in snails. Biomagnification of AgNPs from lettuce to snails was observed in an AgNPs single treatment using AgNPs number as the dose metric, which was reflected by the particle number-based TTFs of AgNPs in snails (1.67, i.e., higher than 1). The size distribution of AgNPs was shifted across the lettuce-snail food chain. By making use of particle-specific measurements and fitting TK processes, this research provides important implications for potential risks associated with the trophic transfer of MNP mixtures.
在此，我们通过使用毒代动力学 (TK) 模型和单颗粒电感耦合等离子体质谱法，研究了金属纳米颗粒 (MNPs) 在多大程度上会影响其他共存 MNPs 从生菜向陆生蜗牛的营养转移，以及相关的组织特异性分布。在 22 天的时间里，蜗牛被喂食暴露于根的硝酸银 (0.05mg/L)、银纳米颗粒 (0.75mg/L)、TiONPs (200mg/L) 和银纳米颗粒和 TiONPs 混合物 (单个 NPs 的等效剂量) 的生菜叶。蜗牛对单 NPs 和混合 NPs 暴露生菜的 Ag 和 Ti 的摄取率常数 ( ) 分别为 0.08 和 0.11kg 叶/kg 蜗牛/d 和 1.63 和 1.79kg 叶/kg 蜗牛/d。暴露于单 AgNPs 和混合 AgNPs 的蜗牛的消除率常数 ( ) 与相应的 相当，而 Ti 的 则低于相应的 。因此，单独的 TiONP 处理以及暴露于含有 TiONPs 的混合物中，从生菜到蜗牛的生物放大显著增加，动力学营养传递因子 (TTF) 分别为 7.99 和 6.46。在单 AgNPs 处理中，Ag 的 TTF（1.15kg 叶/kg 蜗牛）明显大于混合物处理中的 TTF（0.85kg 叶/kg 蜗牛），而 AgNPs 暴露后残留在蜗牛体内的 Ag 部分（36%）低于混合物暴露后残留的 Ag 部分（50%）。这些结果表明，TiONPs 的存在抑制了 AgNPs 从生菜到蜗牛的营养转移，但增强了 AgNPs 在蜗牛体内的保留。在用 AgNPs 数量作为剂量指标的 AgNPs 单一处理中观察到 AgNPs 从生菜到蜗牛的生物放大，这反映了 AgNPs 在蜗牛中的基于颗粒数的 TTF（1.67，即高于 1）。AgNPs 的大小分布在生菜-蜗牛食物链中发生了转移。通过利用颗粒特异性测量和拟合 TK 过程，本研究为 MNPs 混合物的营养转移相关潜在风险提供了重要启示。
