Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Hepatol Commun. 2023 Feb 9;7(3):e0065. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000065. eCollection 2023 Mar 1.
Women systematically experience lower rates of liver transplantation (LT) and higher rates of waitlist mortality than men. Self-rated health has been associated with patient outcomes in the global population. We, therefore, assessed gender differences in self-rated and clinician-rated health among LT candidates.
Ambulatory LT candidates without hepatocellular carcinoma were enrolled from 2012 to 2018. Participants and their hepatologists were asked separately to rate the participant's overall general health on a 6-point scale (0="excellent" to 5="very poor"). Logistic regression was used to assess the associations between covariates and superior self-assessment, defined as 1 SD above the mean self-assessment score.
Of 855 participants, the median (interquartile range) self-rated health score was 2 (1-3); 156 (18%) were categorized as superior self-rated health. The correlation between self-rated and clinician-rated health was positive (Spearman's rho 0.3, P<0.001). In univariate analysis, being a woman was associated with lower odds of superior self-rated health (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-1.0, P=0.04), which persisted on multivariable analysis (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, P=0.05), controlling for race, frailty, work status, comorbidities, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Na, hepatic encephalopathy, and ascites.
These findings highlight the need for well-designed quality-based research to determine how our patients perceive health to highlight opportunities to offer more comprehensive, quality-based care.
女性接受肝移植(LT)的比例低于男性,等待名单上的死亡率高于男性。自我评估健康状况与全球人群的患者预后相关。因此,我们评估了 LT 候选者中自我评估和临床医生评估的健康状况的性别差异。
2012 年至 2018 年,招募了无肝细胞癌的门诊 LT 候选者。要求参与者及其肝病专家分别对参与者的整体一般健康状况进行 6 分制(0=“优秀”至 5=“非常差”)评分。使用逻辑回归评估协变量与自我评估优越之间的关联,自我评估优越定义为自我评估得分平均值以上 1 个标准差。
在 855 名参与者中,中位数(四分位距)自我评估健康评分是 2(1-3);156 名(18%)被归类为自我评估优越。自我评估和临床医生评估之间的相关性为正(Spearman rho 0.3,P<0.001)。在单变量分析中,女性的自我评估优越的可能性较低(OR 0.7,95% CI 0.5-1.0,P=0.04),多变量分析(aOR 0.7,95% CI 0.4-1.0,P=0.05)仍然存在,控制了种族、脆弱性、工作状态、合并症、终末期肝病模型钠、肝性脑病和腹水。
这些发现强调了需要进行精心设计的基于质量的研究,以确定我们的患者如何感知健康,以突出提供更全面、基于质量的护理的机会。