甜樱桃品种及优良单株在吉塞拉5号砧木幼龄果园中的表现

Performance of Sweet Cherry Cultivars and Advanced Selections on Gisela 5 Rootstock in Young Orchards.

作者信息

Lanauskas Juozas, Kviklys Darius, Uselis Nobertas, Stanys Vidmantas

机构信息

Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Kaunas, Lithuania.

Department of Horticulture, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research-NIBIO Ullensvang, Ullensvangvegen 1005, NO-5781 Lofthus, Norway.

出版信息

Plants (Basel). 2023 Jan 30;12(3):614. doi: 10.3390/plants12030614.

DOI:10.3390/plants12030614

PMID:36771698

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9919232/

Abstract

Six sweet cherry cultivars and two advanced selections of Gisela 5 rootstock were tested in 2015-2021 at the Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. Fruit trees were planted at distances of 4.5 × 2.5 m and trained as spindles. Orchard floor management included frequently mown grass in alleyways with herbicide strips along tree rows. Cultivars 'Mindaugė' and 'Irema BS' were the most vigorous at the end of the seventh leaf. Their trunk diameter achieved 11.6 cm. The 'Merchant' cultivar had the smallest trunk diameter-9.3 cm. The average yield in 2018-2021 ranged from 2.75 t/ha for 'Vega' to 8.73 t/ha for 'Regina'. Cultivars 'Regina', 'Sunburst', 'Irema BS' and 'Merchant' had the highest cumulative yield efficiency of 0.440-0.503 kg/cm with respect to the trunk cross-section area (TCSA). The least productive cultivar 'Vega' produced fruits of the highest average weight-9.9 g. Fruits of 'Regina' and 'Sunburst' were large as well-8.8-9.1 g. 'Irema BS' fruits had the highest soluble solids content (SSC)-20.2%. The lowest SSC was recorded in 'Merchant' and 'Sunburst' fruits-14.7-15.8%. The yield of advanced selection, No. 102, equaled to the yield of cv. 'Regina'. No. 102 had a high fruit weight, and fruits were distinguished by attractiveness and taste.

摘要

2015年至2021年期间，立陶宛农业与林业研究中心园艺研究所在6个甜樱桃品种和2个吉塞拉5号砧木的优良选系上进行了试验。果树按4.5×2.5米的株行距种植，并采用纺锤形整枝。果园地面管理包括在行间频繁割草，并在树行沿线设置除草剂带。在第七年生期末，‘明达盖’和‘伊雷马BS’品种生长最为旺盛，其树干直径达到11.6厘米。‘商人’品种的树干直径最小，为9.3厘米。2018年至2021年的平均产量从‘维加’品种的2.75吨/公顷到‘雷吉纳’品种的8.73吨/公顷不等。‘雷吉纳’‘日旭’‘伊雷马BS’和‘商人’品种相对于树干横截面积（TCSA）的累积产量效率最高，为0.440 - 0.503千克/平方厘米。产量最低的‘维加’品种果实平均重量最大，为9.9克。‘雷吉纳’和‘日旭’品种的果实也很大，为8.8 - 9.1克。‘伊雷马BS’品种的果实可溶性固形物含量（SSC）最高，为20.2%。‘商人’和‘日旭’品种果实的SSC最低，为14.7 - 15.8%。优良选系102的产量与‘雷吉纳’品种相当。102的果实重量高，果实外观诱人，口感良好。