Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Feb 9;14:1142644. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1142644. eCollection 2023.
Cardiovascular (CV) disorders are steadily increasing, making them the world's most prevalent health issue. New research highlights the importance of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) for maintaining CV health.
We searched PubMed and MEDLINE for English and non-English articles with English abstracts published between 1957 (when the first report on IGF-1 identification was published) and 2022. The top search terms were: IGF-1, cardiovascular disease, IGF-1 receptors, IGF-1 and microRNAs, therapeutic interventions with IGF-1, IGF-1 and diabetes, IGF-1 and cardiovascular disease. The search retrieved original peer-reviewed articles, which were further analyzed, focusing on the role of IGF-1 in pathophysiological conditions. We specifically focused on including the most recent findings published in the past five years.
IGF-1, an anabolic growth factor, regulates cell division, proliferation, and survival. In addition to its well-known growth-promoting and metabolic effects, there is mounting evidence that IGF-1 plays a specialized role in the complex activities that underpin CV function. IGF-1 promotes cardiac development and improves cardiac output, stroke volume, contractility, and ejection fraction. Furthermore, IGF-1 mediates many growth hormones (GH) actions. IGF-1 stimulates contractility and tissue remodeling in humans to improve heart function after myocardial infarction. IGF-1 also improves the lipid profile, lowers insulin levels, increases insulin sensitivity, and promotes glucose metabolism. These findings point to the intriguing medicinal potential of IGF-1. Human studies associate low serum levels of free or total IGF-1 with an increased risk of CV and cerebrovascular illness. Extensive human trials are being conducted to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and outcomes of IGF-1-related therapy.
We anticipate the development of novel IGF-1-related therapy with minimal side effects. This review discusses recent findings on the role of IGF-1 in the cardiovascular (CVD) system, including both normal and pathological conditions. We also discuss progress in therapeutic interventions aimed at targeting the IGF axis and provide insights into the epigenetic regulation of IGF-1 mediated by microRNAs.
心血管（CV）疾病不断增加，使其成为世界上最普遍的健康问题。新的研究强调了胰岛素样生长因子 1（IGF-1）对于维持心血管健康的重要性。
我们在 PubMed 和 MEDLINE 中搜索了 1957 年（首次报道 IGF-1 鉴定）至 2022 年发表的英文和非英文文章，且带有英文摘要。搜索的主要关键词为：IGF-1、心血管疾病、IGF-1 受体、IGF-1 与 microRNAs、IGF-1 的治疗干预、IGF-1 与糖尿病、IGF-1 与心血管疾病。搜索结果检索到了原始同行评议文章，我们对这些文章进行了进一步分析，重点关注 IGF-1 在病理生理条件下的作用。我们特别关注包含过去五年内发表的最新发现。
IGF-1 作为一种合成代谢生长因子，可调节细胞分裂、增殖和存活。除了其众所周知的促进生长和代谢作用外，越来越多的证据表明 IGF-1 在支持心血管功能的复杂活动中发挥着特殊作用。IGF-1 促进心脏发育并改善心输出量、每搏输出量、收缩力和射血分数。此外，IGF-1 介导许多生长激素（GH）的作用。IGF-1 可刺激人类的收缩力和组织重塑，以改善心肌梗死后的心脏功能。IGF-1 还可改善血脂谱、降低胰岛素水平、提高胰岛素敏感性并促进葡萄糖代谢。这些发现表明 IGF-1 具有令人着迷的药用潜力。人体研究表明，血清游离或总 IGF-1 水平降低与心血管和脑血管疾病的风险增加相关。目前正在进行广泛的人体试验，以研究 IGF-1 相关治疗的治疗效果和结果。
我们预计会开发出副作用最小的新型 IGF-1 相关疗法。本综述讨论了 IGF-1 在心血管（CVD）系统中的作用的最新发现，包括正常和病理条件下的作用。我们还讨论了针对 IGF 轴的治疗干预措施的进展，并深入了解了 microRNAs 介导的 IGF-1 表达的表观遗传调控。
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