Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
Graphic Era Hill University Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
Environ Res. 2023 Jun 1;226:115530. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115530. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
Water quality is deteriorating continuously as increasing levels of toxic inorganic and organic contaminants mostly discharging into the aquatic environment. Removal of such pollutants from the water system is an emerging research area. During the past few years use of biodegradable and biocompatible natural additives has attracted considerable attention to alleviate pollutants from wastewater. The chitosan and its composites emerged as a promising adsorbents due to their low price, abundance, amino, and hydroxyl groups, as well as their potential to remove various toxins from wastewater. However, a few challenges associated with its practical use include lack of selectivity, low mechanical strength, and solubility in acidic medium. Therefore, several approaches for modification have been explored to improve the physicochemical properties of chitosan for wastewater treatment. Chitosan nanocomposites found effective for the removal of metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, microplastics from the wastewaters. Nanoparticle doped with chitosan in the form of nano-biocomposites has recently gained much attention and proven a successful tool for water purification. Hence, applying chitosan-based adsorbents with numerous modifications is a cutting-edge approach to eliminating toxic pollutants from aquatic systems with the global aim of making potable water available worldwide. This review presents an overview of distinct materials and methods for developing novel chitosan-based nanocomposites for wastewater treatment.
水质不断恶化，越来越多的有毒无机和有机污染物主要排放到水环境中。从水系中去除这些污染物是一个新兴的研究领域。在过去的几年中，使用可生物降解和生物相容的天然添加剂来减轻废水污染物已引起了相当大的关注。壳聚糖及其复合材料因其价格低廉、含有氨基和羟基、能够从废水中去除各种毒素而成为有前途的吸附剂。然而，其实际应用中存在一些挑战，包括缺乏选择性、机械强度低以及在酸性介质中的溶解度低。因此，已经探索了几种改性方法来改善壳聚糖的物理化学性质，以用于废水处理。壳聚糖纳米复合材料已被证明可有效去除废水中的金属、药物、农药和微塑料。最近，壳聚糖掺杂纳米颗粒的纳米-生物复合材料引起了广泛关注，并已被证明是一种用于水净化的成功工具。因此，采用经过多种改性的壳聚糖基吸附剂是从水生系统中去除有毒污染物的一种前沿方法，其全球目标是使全世界都能获得饮用水。本综述介绍了用于开发新型壳聚糖基纳米复合材料以进行废水处理的不同材料和方法。
