老年人口腔健康的教育相关不平等：新加坡与日本的比较。
Education-related inequalities in oral health among older adults: Comparing Singapore and Japan.
机构信息
Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
出版信息
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2023 Aug;51(4):671-679. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12846. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
OBJECTIVES
Oral health inequalities exist worldwide, and cross-country comparisons can provide valuable insights into country-level characteristics contributing to such inequalities. However, comparative studies in Asian countries are limited. This study examined the magnitude of education-related oral health inequalities in older adults in Singapore and Japan.
METHODS
Longitudinal data for older adults, aged ≥65 years, from the Panel on Health and Ageing of Singaporean Elderly (PHASE; 2009, 2011-2012, and 2015) and Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES; 2010, 2013, and 2016) were used. Dependent variables were being edentate and having a minimal functional dentition (MFD; i.e. ≥20 teeth). The absolute and relative inequalities were calculated using the slope index of inequality (SII) and relative index of inequality (RII) for educational level [low (<6 years); middle (6-12 years); high (>12 years)] in each country.
RESULTS
A total of 1032 PHASE participants and 35 717 JAGES participants were included. At baseline among PHASE participants, 35.9% were edentate and 24.4% had MFD, while among JAGES participants, 8.5% were edentate and 42.4% had MFD. The prevalence of low, middle and high educational levels for PHASE was 76.5%, 18.0% and 5.5%, and for JAGES were 0.9%, 78.1% and 19.7%, respectively. Older adults in Japan had lower education-related inequalities for being edentate [for both SII (-0.53, 95% CI = -0.55 to -0.50) and RII (0.40, 95% CI = 0.33-0.48)] and for not having MFD for both SII (-0.24, 95% CI = -0.27 to -0.20) and RII (0.83, 95% CI = 0.79-0.87) compared to Singapore.
CONCLUSIONS
Education-related inequalities for being edentate and not having MFD were higher among older adults in Singapore compared to Japan.
目的
口腔健康不平等现象在全球范围内存在，跨国比较可以深入了解导致这种不平等的国家层面特征。然而，亚洲国家的比较研究有限。本研究旨在检测新加坡和日本老年人中与教育相关的口腔健康不平等程度。
方法
使用新加坡老年人健康与老龄化研究小组（PHASE；2009 年、2011-2012 年和 2015 年）和日本老年评估研究（JAGES；2010 年、2013 年和 2016 年）中≥65 岁的老年人的纵向数据。因变量为无牙（缺牙）和最小功能牙列（MFD；即≥20 颗牙）。使用每个国家的教育水平（低[<6 年]；中[6-12 年]；高[>12 年]）的不平等斜率指数（SII）和相对不平等指数（RII）计算绝对和相对不平等。
结果
共纳入 1032 名 PHASE 参与者和 35717 名 JAGES 参与者。在 PHASE 参与者的基线中，35.9%的人无牙，24.4%的人有 MFD，而在 JAGES 参与者中，8.5%的人无牙，42.4%的人有 MFD。PHASE 的低、中、高教育程度的患病率分别为 76.5%、18.0%和 5.5%，而 JAGES 分别为 0.9%、78.1%和 19.7%。与新加坡相比，日本老年人在无牙（SII：-0.53，95%CI=-0.55 至-0.50；RII：0.40，95%CI=0.33-0.48）和没有 MFD（SII：-0.24，95%CI=-0.27 至-0.20；RII：0.83，95%CI=0.79-0.87）方面的教育相关不平等程度较低。
结论
与日本相比，新加坡老年人在无牙和没有 MFD 方面的教育相关不平等程度更高。
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