福岛第一核电站事故影响下土壤中锶-90 的分布与铯-137 的污染情况。
Distribution of strontium-90 in soils affected by Fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power station accident in the context of cesium-137 contamination.
机构信息
Department of Radioecology and Fukushima Project, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; Laboratory for Radiochemistry, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 39 Jamova, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
Department of Radioecology and Fukushima Project, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
出版信息
Environ Pollut. 2023 Jun 1;326:121487. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121487. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
Sr and Cs activity concentrations were determined by radiometric methods in 76 soil samples (soil, litter, rain gutter deposit, and roadside sediment samples) affected by the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident and collected from the Fukushima exclusion zone. The Sr and Cs activity concentrations were in the range of 3 to 1050 Bq kg (median 82 Bq·kg) and 0.7 to 6770 kBq·kg (median 890 kBq·kg), respectively (decay correction date: March 15, 2011). A strong positive correlation was found between Sr and Cs activity concentration and higher mobility of Sr was confirmed in Japanese soil samples. The activity ratio of Sr/Cs in 85% of all samples was in the range of 5.0 × 10 to 5.0 × 10 with a median of 1.2 × 10. From the activity ratio values it was concluded that the Sr released to the atmosphere was only around 0.0003-0.02 PBq which is negligible compared to the Chernobyl accident (∼10 PBq) or other nuclear accident contaminations. From the standpoints of radioecology and radiation safety, Cs remains the primary pollutant of the FDNPS accident.
在福岛第一核电站（FDNPS）事故的影响下，从福岛禁区采集了 76 个土壤样本（土壤、凋落物、雨水渠沉积物和路边沉积物样本），并通过放射性测量方法测定了 Sr 和 Cs 的活度浓度。Sr 和 Cs 的活度浓度范围分别为 3 至 1050 Bq·kg（中位数为 82 Bq·kg）和 0.7 至 6770 kBq·kg（中位数为 890 kBq·kg）（衰变校正日期：2011 年 3 月 15 日）。发现 Sr 和 Cs 活度浓度之间存在很强的正相关性，并证实 Sr 在日本土壤样本中的迁移性更高。在所有样本中，85%的 Sr/Cs 活度比在 5.0×10 到 5.0×10 之间，中位数为 1.2×10。从活度比的值可以得出结论，释放到大气中的 Sr 仅为 0.0003 至 0.02 PBq，与切尔诺贝利事故（约 10 PBq）或其他核事故污染相比可以忽略不计。从放射生态学和辐射安全的角度来看，Cs 仍然是 FDNPS 事故的主要污染物。
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