School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, PR China; Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, PR China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2023 Apr;197:107661. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107661. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
Cadmium pollution in agricultural soil is a great threat to crop growth and human health. In this research, with 1%, 3% and 5% biochar applied to control soil cadmium pollution, melon was selected to be the experimental object for physiological detection and transcriptome analysis, through which we explored the mechanism of cadmium tolerance and biochar mitigating cadmium stress in muskmelon. Three set concentrations of biochar have a mitigative effect on muskmelon cadmium stress, and 5% biochar and 3% biochar respectively have the best and the worst alleviative effect. The alleviation of biochar to cadmium stress on muskmelon is primarily in the manner of inhibiting cadmium transfer, while the resistance of muskmelon to cadmium stress is through activating phenylpropanoid pathway and overexpressing stress related genes. Under cadmium treatment, 11 genes of the phenylpropane pathway and 19 stress-related genes including cytochrome P450 family protein genes and WRKY transcription factor genes were up-regulated, while 1%, 3%, 5% biochar addition significantly downregulated 3, 0, 7 phenylpropane pathway genes and 17, 5, 16 stress-related genes, respectively. Genes such as cytochrome P450 protein family genes, WRKY transcription factor genes, and annexin genes may play a key role in muskmelon's resistance to cadmium stress. The results show the key pathways and genes of cadmium stress resistance and the effect of different concentrations of biochar in alleviating cadmium stress, which provide a reference for the research of cadmium stress resistance in crops and the application of biochar in cadmium pollution in agricultural soil.
农田镉污染对作物生长和人类健康构成巨大威胁。本研究采用 1%、3%和 5%生物炭来控制土壤镉污染，选择甜瓜作为实验对象进行生理检测和转录组分析，探索甜瓜耐镉和生物炭缓解镉胁迫的机制。三组生物炭浓度对甜瓜镉胁迫均具有缓解作用，其中 5%生物炭和 3%生物炭的缓解效果最好和最差。生物炭对甜瓜镉胁迫的缓解主要是通过抑制镉的转移，而甜瓜对镉胁迫的抗性则是通过激活苯丙烷途径和过表达应激相关基因。在镉处理下，苯丙烷途径的 11 个基因和包括细胞色素 P450 家族蛋白基因和 WRKY 转录因子基因在内的 19 个应激相关基因被上调，而添加 1%、3%、5%生物炭则分别显著下调苯丙烷途径的 3、0、7 个基因和应激相关的 17、5、16 个基因。细胞色素 P450 蛋白家族基因、WRKY 转录因子基因和 annexin 基因等可能在甜瓜耐镉胁迫中发挥关键作用。研究结果表明了镉胁迫抗性的关键途径和基因以及不同浓度生物炭缓解镉胁迫的效果，为作物镉胁迫抗性研究和生物炭在农田镉污染中的应用提供了参考。
