Health Research Network, Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
Data and Research Services, Robertson Library, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2023 Mar 29;13(3):e070400. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070400.
To identify, characterise and map the existing knowledge about programmes that provide immunisation support to Canadians and barriers and facilitators to their delivery.
Scoping review and environmental scan.
Vaccine hesitancy may be associated with unmet support needs of individuals. Immunisation support programmes that provide multicomponent approaches can improve vaccine confidence and equitable access.
Canadian programmes that focus on providing information about immunisation for the general public, but excluding articles targeting health professionals. The primary concept involves mapping the characteristics of programmes and our secondary concept examines barriers and facilitators to programme delivery.
The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology guided this review, reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. A search strategy was developed and translated for six databases in November 2021 (updated October 2022). Unpublished literature was identified through the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health Grey Matters checklist and other relevant sources. Stakeholders (n=124) from Canadian regional health authorities were also contacted by email for publicly accessible information. Two independent raters screened and extracted data from identified material. Results are presented in tabular form.
The search strategy and environmental scan resulted in 15 287 sources. A total of 161 full-text sources were reviewed after applying eligibility criteria, resulting in 50 articles. Programmes were delivered in multiple Canadian provinces, focusing on various vaccine types. All programmes aimed to increase vaccine uptake and were mostly provided in person. Multidisciplinary delivery teams based on collaborations among multiple entities were credited as a facilitator to programme delivery across settings. Limitations on programme resources, attitudes of programme staff and participants, and systems organisation were identified as barriers to delivery.
This review highlighted characteristics of immunisation support programmes across various settings and described multiple facilitators and barriers. These findings can inform future interventions that aim to support Canadians in making decisions about immunisation.
识别、描述和绘制为加拿大人提供免疫支持的方案以及实施这些方案的障碍和促进因素的现有知识图谱。
范围审查和环境扫描。
疫苗犹豫可能与个人未满足的支持需求有关。提供多组分方法的免疫支持方案可以提高疫苗信心和公平获取疫苗的机会。
专注于为公众提供免疫信息的加拿大方案，但不包括针对卫生专业人员的文章。主要概念涉及方案特征的绘制，我们的次要概念则考察方案实施的障碍和促进因素。
该研究采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）方法学进行指导，使用系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目进行报告，针对范围审查制定并翻译了搜索策略。2021 年 11 月开发了搜索策略并翻译了六个数据库（2022 年 10 月更新）。通过加拿大药物和技术评估机构灰色事项清单和其他相关来源确定了未发表的文献。还通过电子邮件联系了来自加拿大区域卫生当局的利益相关者（n=124），以获取公开可获取的信息。两名独立的评估员筛选并提取了已确定文献中的数据。结果以表格形式呈现。
搜索策略和环境扫描共产生了 15287 个来源。在应用纳入标准后，共审查了 161 篇全文来源，最终有 50 篇文章符合纳入标准。方案在多个加拿大省份实施，专注于各种疫苗类型。所有方案均旨在提高疫苗接种率，且大多是亲自提供。多个实体之间合作建立的多学科交付团队被认为是在各种环境中促进方案交付的因素。方案资源限制、方案工作人员和参与者的态度以及系统组织被确定为实施的障碍。
本综述突出了各种环境中免疫支持方案的特征，并描述了多个障碍和促进因素。这些发现可以为旨在支持加拿大人做出免疫决策的未来干预措施提供信息。
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