蛋曲的制备及其在新型食品开发中的应用。

Preparation of egg-koji for developing a novel food.

机构信息

Higuchi Matsunosuke Shoten Co., Ltd., 1-14-2 Harima, Abeno, Osaka 545-0022, Japan.

R&D Division, Institute of Technology Solution, Kewpie Corporation, Sengawa Kewport, 2-5-7 Sengawa, Chofu, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan.

出版信息

J Biosci Bioeng. 2023 Jun;135(6):447-450. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.03.006. Epub 2023 Mar 27.

Abstract

While chicken eggs contain many nutrients necessary for humans and there are various cooking methods, the nutritional components are used as they are, and there are no traditional foods that utilize microorganisms. Koji-mold, containing Aspergillus oryzae, A. sojae, and A. luchuensis, which has been used in various fermented foods since ancient times, grows on raw grain materials such as rice and barley to become koji. This can give flavors not found in the raw materials that can decompose and convert the nutritional components of the raw materials. Here, we succeeded for the first time in developing egg-koji that uses only eggs and koji-mold by selecting and combining cooked egg powder (CEP) and A. oryzae AO101 as the most suitable combination. To suppress the explosive growth of harmful bacteria, we improved the sterilization method, watering method, and amount of water. In addition, it was found that egg-koji has a characteristic enzyme activity balance, in which amylase is extremely low and protease at pH 6 was high compared to grain koji, such as rice and barley. Egg-koji might produce enzymes suitable for taking in nutrients when growing into CEP and would be expected to give a flavor that could not be achieved by cooking or additives.

摘要

虽然鸡蛋含有许多人类所需的营养物质,且有多种烹饪方法,但这些营养成分都是未经加工直接使用的,没有传统食物利用微生物。米曲霉、酱油曲霉和鲁氏曲霉等曲霉菌自古以来就被用于各种发酵食品中,它们在大米和大麦等生谷物原料上生长,变成曲。这可以赋予原料所没有的风味,并可以分解和转化原料的营养成分。在这里,我们首次通过选择和组合熟蛋粉(CEP)和米曲霉 AO101,成功开发出仅使用鸡蛋和曲霉菌的鸡蛋曲。为了抑制有害细菌的爆炸式生长,我们改进了灭菌方法、浇水方法和水量。此外,还发现鸡蛋曲具有独特的酶活平衡,与大米和大麦等谷物曲相比,淀粉酶极低,而在 pH6 下的蛋白酶活性很高。鸡蛋曲在成长为 CEP 时可能会产生适合吸收营养的酶,有望产生通过烹饪或添加剂无法实现的风味。

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