Hannover Medical School, Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
Neuromodulation. 2024 Apr;27(3):489-499. doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.01.014. Epub 2023 Mar 29.
Enhanced beta oscillations in cortical-basal ganglia (BG) thalamic circuitries have been linked to clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) reduces beta band activity in BG regions, whereas little is known about activity in cortical regions. In this study, we investigated the effect of STN DBS on the spectral power of oscillatory activity in the motor cortex (MCtx) and sensorimotor cortex (SMCtx) by recording via an electrocorticogram (ECoG) array in free-moving 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rats and sham-lesioned controls.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) were injected either with 6-OHDA or with saline in the right medial forebrain bundle, under general anesthesia. A stimulation electrode was then implanted in the ipsilateral STN, and an ECoG array was placed subdurally above the MCtx and SMCtx areas. Six days after the second surgery, the free-moving rats were individually recorded in three conditions: 1) basal activity, 2) during STN DBS, and 3) directly after STN DBS.
In 6-OHDA-lesioned rats (N = 8), the relative power of theta band activity was reduced, whereas activity of broad-range beta band (12-30 Hz) along with two different subbeta bands, that is, low (12-30 Hz) and high (20-30 Hz) beta band and gamma band, was higher in MCtx and SMCtx than in sham-lesioned controls (N = 7). This was, to some extent, reverted toward control level by STN DBS during and after stimulation. No major differences were found between contacts of the electrode grid or between MCtx and SMCtx.
Loss of nigrostriatal dopamine leads to abnormal oscillatory activity in both MCtx and SMCtx, which is compensated by STN stimulation, suggesting that parkinsonism-related oscillations in the cortex and BG are linked through their anatomic connections.
皮质-基底节-丘脑回路中增强的β 振荡与帕金森病的临床症状有关。丘脑底核（STN）的深部脑刺激（DBS）降低了 BG 区域的β 频带活动，而对于皮质区域的活动知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们通过在自由移动的 6-羟基多巴胺（6-OHDA）损伤大鼠和假损伤对照中记录脑电描记图（ECoG）阵列，研究了 STN DBS 对运动皮层（MCtx）和感觉运动皮层（SMCtx）中振荡活动的光谱功率的影响。
雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠（250-350 g）在全身麻醉下，将 6-OHDA 或生理盐水注入右侧中脑前脑束。然后将刺激电极植入同侧 STN，将 ECoG 阵列置于 MCtx 和 SMCtx 区域上方的硬脑膜下。第二次手术后 6 天，将自由移动的大鼠分别记录在三种情况下：1）基础活动，2）在 STN DBS 期间，3）直接在 STN DBS 后。
在 6-OHDA 损伤的大鼠（N=8）中，θ 频带活动的相对功率降低，而 MCtx 和 SMCtx 中的宽范围β频带（12-30 Hz）以及两个不同的亚β频带，即低（12-30 Hz）和高（20-30 Hz）β频带和γ频带的活动高于假损伤对照（N=7）。在刺激期间和之后，STN DBS 在某种程度上将其恢复到对照水平。在电极网格的接触之间或 MCtx 和 SMCtx 之间没有发现主要差异。
黑质纹状体多巴胺的丧失导致 MCtx 和 SMCtx 中出现异常的振荡活动，而 STN 刺激则对此进行了补偿，这表明皮层和 BG 中的帕金森病相关振荡通过它们的解剖连接相关联。
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