遵循 DASH、MeDi 和 MIND 饮食评分与代谢不健康表型的发生。

Adherence to the DASH, MeDi, and MIND diet scores and the incidence of metabolically unhealthy phenotypes.

机构信息

Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Obes Res Clin Pract. 2023 May-Jun;17(3):226-232. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.04.001. Epub 2023 Apr 8.

DOI:10.1016/j.orcp.2023.04.001

PMID:37037714

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A metabolically unhealthy phenotype is associated with the risk of cardiometabolic events and can be prevented by adherence to healthy dietary patterns. The present study was designed to investigate the association between high adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean (MeDi), and Mediterranean-DASH intervention for neurodegenerative delay (MIND) diet scores and the incidence of metabolically unhealthy phenotypes in adults across body mass index (BMI) categories.

METHODS

In this cohort study, 512 subjects with metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) at baseline and 787 subjects with metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHOW/MHO) at baseline were included. Dietary intake was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire, and DASH, MeDi, and MIND scores were calculated. The Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria were used to define a metabolically unhealthy status.

RESULTS

A total of 137 and 388 subjects with metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUOW/MUO) phenotypes, respectively, were observed, over a mean of 5.91 years of follow-up. The Cox proportional hazard regression indicated participants in the third tertile of the DASH score had a lower risk of the MUNW phenotype (HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.37-0.92) than those in the lowest tertile. Similarly, the highest adherence to the MeDi and MIND scores was also linked to a 46% (HR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.36-0.81) and 47% (HR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.34-0.83) lower risk of the MUNW phenotype, respectively. As well, there was an inverse relationship between the highest adherence to the DASH (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.50-0.86), MeDi (HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58-0.93), and MIND (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.43-0.74) scores and the risk of MUOW/MUO. There was no interaction between age and the three dietary patterns in relation to a metabolically unhealthy phenotype.

CONCLUSION

High compliance with the DASH, MeDi, and MIND scores was associated with a lower risk of MUNW. An inverse relationship between these three dietary patterns and the incidence of the metabolically unhealthy phenotype was also observed in individuals who had MHOW/MHO at baseline.

摘要

背景

代谢不健康表型与心血管代谢事件的风险相关，通过坚持健康的饮食模式可以预防。本研究旨在调查高依从性的饮食方法来停止高血压（DASH）、地中海（MeDi）和地中海-DASH 干预以延迟神经退行性变（MIND）饮食评分与成年人在不同体重指数（BMI）类别中代谢不健康表型的发生之间的关系。

方法

在这项队列研究中，512 名基线时代谢健康的正常体重（MHNW）和 787 名基线时代谢健康的超重/肥胖（MHOW/MHO）的受试者被纳入。通过验证的食物频率问卷收集饮食摄入信息，并计算 DASH、MeDi 和 MIND 评分。使用联合临时声明（JIS）标准来定义代谢不健康状态。

结果

在平均 5.91 年的随访期间，共观察到 137 名和 388 名代谢不健康的正常体重（MUNW）和代谢不健康的超重/肥胖（MUOW/MUO）表型的受试者。Cox 比例风险回归表明，DASH 评分第三 tertile 的参与者患 MUNW 表型的风险较低（HR：0.59；95%CI：0.37-0.92），而最低 tertile 的参与者风险较高。同样，最高的 MeDi 和 MIND 评分依从性也与 MUNW 表型的风险降低 46%（HR：0.54；95%CI：0.36-0.81）和 47%（HR：0.53；95%CI：0.34-0.83）相关。此外，DASH（HR：0.66；95%CI：0.50-0.86）、MeDi（HR：0.74；95%CI：0.58-0.93）和 MIND（HR：0.57；95%CI：0.43-0.74）评分与 MUOW/MUO 风险之间呈负相关。在代谢不健康表型方面，年龄与三种饮食模式之间没有交互作用。