Department of Infectious Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Baltijos Street 120, Kaunas, 47116, Lithuania.
Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Dermatovenerology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariskiu street 14, Vilnius, 08406, Lithuania.
Virol J. 2023 Apr 12;20(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s12985-023-02015-0.
Influenza is a contagious viral airborne disease that adds to the clinical and economic burden on the healthcare system. It could be prevented substantially by seasonal influenza vaccination. Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (SIVE) varies a lot and should therefore be monitored. This report aims to update age-stratified SIVE estimates among patients hospitalized due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during the 2019-2020 influenza season.
We performed a test-negative case-control study between December 2019 and April 2020 influenza season. We estimated SIVE and its 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) with logistic regression as (1-odds ratio)*100%. The models were adjusted for covariates that changed the unadjusted SIVE by ≥ 10%.
Among 84 participants, 32 (38.1%) were influenza positive, mostly with A(H1N1)pdm09 (25 cases; 78.1%). SIVE against any influenza adjusted for age and heart disease was 39.2% (95% CI: -119.3%, 83.1%). Age-stratified point estimates adjusted for heart diseases indicated different SIVE, and were 64.0% (95% CI: -309.2%, 96.8%) and 21.6% (95% CI: -252.2%, 82.6%) for 18-64 and ≥ 65 year-old participants, respectively.
The point estimates suggested low to moderate SIVE against any influenza among hospitalized 18-64-year-old SARI participants, while low estimates were found in the ≥ 65-year-old group. Although broad SIVE confidence intervals indicate a small sample size and therefore the results can serve only as indicatory, they are in line with the estimates reported by other studies during the 2019-2020 season.
流感是一种传染性的病毒性呼吸道疾病，会给医疗系统带来临床和经济负担。通过季节性流感疫苗接种可以大大预防流感。季节性流感疫苗有效性（SIVE）差异很大，因此应进行监测。本报告旨在更新 2019-2020 年流感季节因严重急性呼吸道感染（SARI）住院患者的年龄分层 SIVE 估计值。
我们在 2019 年 12 月至 2020 年 4 月的流感季节进行了一项病例对照研究。我们使用逻辑回归估计 SIVE 及其 95%置信区间（95%CI），公式为（1-优势比）*100%。模型调整了使未经调整的 SIVE 变化≥10%的协变量。
在 84 名参与者中，32 名（38.1%）流感检测阳性，其中大多数为 A(H1N1)pdm09（25 例；78.1%）。针对年龄和心脏病调整后的任何流感的 SIVE 为 39.2%（95%CI：-119.3%，83.1%）。针对心脏病调整后的年龄分层点估计表明 SIVE 不同，分别为 18-64 岁参与者的 64.0%（95%CI：-309.2%，96.8%）和≥65 岁参与者的 21.6%（95%CI：-252.2%，82.6%）。
住院的 18-64 岁 SARI 参与者中针对任何流感的点估计值表明 SIVE 为低至中度，但≥65 岁组的估计值较低。尽管广泛的 SIVE 置信区间表明样本量较小，因此结果只能作为指示性的，但它们与其他研究在 2019-2020 年报告的估计值一致。
