Addex Therapeutics, S.A., Chemin des Mines 9, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
Cells. 2023 Mar 24;12(7):1004. doi: 10.3390/cells12071004.
Parkinson's disease (PD) patients suffer not only from the primary motor symptoms of the disease but also from a range of non-motor symptoms (NMS) that cause disability and low quality of life. Excessive glutamate activity in the basal ganglia resulting from degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway has been implicated in the motor symptoms, NMS and dyskinesias in PD patients. In this study, we investigated the effects of a selective mGlu5 negative allosteric modulator (NAM), dipraglurant, in a rodent motor symptoms model of PD, but also in models of anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder, all of which are among the most prevalent NMS symptoms. Dipraglurant is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, and exhibits a high correlation between plasma concentration and efficacy in behavioral models. In vivo, dipraglurant dose-dependently reduced haloperidol-induced catalepsy, increased punished licks in the Vogel conflict-drinking model, decreased immobility time in the forced swim test, decreased the number of buried marbles in the marble-burying test, but had no effect on rotarod performance or locomotor activity. These findings suggest that dipraglurant may have benefits to address some of the highly problematic comorbid non-motor symptoms of PD, in addition to its antidyskinetic effect demonstrated in PD-LID patients.
帕金森病(PD)患者不仅遭受疾病的主要运动症状的折磨,还遭受一系列导致残疾和生活质量降低的非运动症状(NMS)的折磨。黑质纹状体多巴胺通路退化导致基底神经节中谷氨酸活性过度,与 PD 患者的运动症状、NMS 和运动障碍有关。在这项研究中,我们研究了选择性 mGlu5 负变构调节剂(NAM),即二苯戊谷氨酸,在 PD 运动症状模型中的作用,还研究了焦虑、抑郁和强迫症模型中的作用,这些都是最常见的 NMS 症状之一。二苯戊谷氨酸口服后迅速吸收,容易穿过血脑屏障,并且在行为模型中血浆浓度与疗效之间具有高度相关性。在体内,二苯戊谷氨酸剂量依赖性地降低了氟哌啶醇引起的僵住,增加了 Vogel 冲突性饮水模型中的受惩罚舔舐次数,减少了强迫游泳试验中的不动时间,减少了埋藏大理石试验中的埋珠数量,但对转棒试验性能或运动活性没有影响。这些发现表明,二苯戊谷氨酸除了在 PD-LID 患者中显示出抗运动障碍作用外,还可能对解决 PD 的一些高度成问题的共病性非运动症状有好处。