Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2023 Apr 1;41(2):203-207. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2021639.
This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of congenital deciduous teeth absence and its permanent teeth performance type by using panoramic radiographs.
A total of 15 749 panora-mic radiographs of 3-6-year-old children with deciduous dentition were collected from January 2020 to December 2021. The incidence of congenital deciduous teeth absence was observed, and the abnormality of permanent teeth was recor-ded. SPSS 24.0 software was used for statistical analysis.
The incidence of congenital deciduous teeth absence was 2.54% (400/15 749), which was found in 217 girls and 183 boys, and the difference between the genders was statistically significant (=0.003). The absence of one and two deciduous teeth accounted for 99.75% (399/400) of the subjects. In addition, 92.63% (490/529) of mandibular deciduous lateral incisor was congenitally absent, 44.80% (237/529) of deciduous teeth was absent in the left jaw, and less than 55.20% (292/529) was absent in the right; the difference between them was statistically significant (0.017). The absence of 96.41% (510/529) deciduous teeth in the mandibular was significantly more than that of 3.59% (19/529) in the maxillary, and the difference between was statistically significant (0.000). Furthermore, 68.00% (272/400) and 32.00% (128/400) of deciduous teeth were absent in unilateral and bilateral, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (=0.000). Four types of congenital deciduous teeth absence with permanent teeth were observed as follows: 1) 73.91% (391/529) of permanent teeth was absent; 2) 20.60% (109/529) of permanent teeth was not absent; 3) the number of fused permanent teeth accounted for 4.91% (26/529); 4) the number of supernumerary teeth was 0.57% (3/529).
Although the absence of congenital deciduous teeth is less common than that of permanent teeth, it affects deciduous and permanent teeth to some extent. Dentists should pay attention to trace and observe whether abnormalities are present in the permanent teeth and take timely measures to maintain children's oral health.
本研究旨在通过全景片探讨先天性乳牙缺失的临床特征及其恒牙表现类型。
收集 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月 3 至 6 岁儿童的 15749 张全景片，观察先天性乳牙缺失的发生率，并记录恒牙异常情况。采用 SPSS 24.0 软件进行统计学分析。
先天性乳牙缺失的发生率为 2.54%（400/15749），其中女孩 217 例，男孩 183 例，性别差异有统计学意义（=0.003）。缺失 1 颗和 2 颗乳牙占 99.75%（399/400）。此外，下颌乳侧切牙先天性缺失占 92.63%（490/529），左下颌缺失占 44.80%（237/529），右侧缺失占不到 55.20%（292/529），差异有统计学意义（0.017）。下颌缺失 96.41%（510/529）的乳牙明显多于上颌缺失 3.59%（19/529），差异有统计学意义（0.000）。此外，乳牙单侧缺失占 68.00%（272/400），双侧缺失占 32.00%（128/400），差异有统计学意义（=0.000）。观察到四种类型的先天性乳牙缺失伴恒牙缺失：1）恒牙缺失占 73.91%（391/529）；2）恒牙不缺失占 20.60%（109/529）；3）融合恒牙占 4.91%（26/529）；4）多生牙占 0.57%（3/529）。
先天性乳牙缺失虽不如恒牙缺失常见，但对乳牙和恒牙均有一定影响。牙医应注意追踪观察恒牙是否存在异常，并及时采取措施维护儿童口腔健康。
