Laboratory of Advanced Technologies in Non-Ferrous and Ferrous Metals Raw Materials Processing, Ural Federal State University Named After First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Institute of New Materials and Technologies, Mira St., 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
Langmuir. 2023 Apr 25;39(16):5738-5751. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03481. Epub 2023 Apr 14.
Searching for surfactants which can eliminate the occluding effect of molten elemental sulfur formed in the process of leaching sulfide ores under pressure (autoclave leaching) is relevant. However, the choice and use of surfactants are complicated by the harsh conditions of the autoclave process, as well as the insufficient knowledge of surface phenomena in their presence. This paper presents a comprehensive study of interfacial phenomena (adsorption, wetting, and dispersion) involving surfactants (using lignosulfonates as an example) and zinc sulfide/concentrate/elemental sulfur under conditions simulating sulfuric acid leaching of ores under pressure. The influence of concentration ( 0.1-1.28 g/dm), features of the molecular weight (, 9.250-46.300 Da) composition of lignosulfates, temperature (10-80 °C), addition of sulfuric acid (HSO 0.2-10.0 g/dm), and properties of solid-phase objects (surface charge, specific surface area, presence and diameter of pores) on surface phenomena at the liquid-gas and liquid-solid interfaces was revealed. It was found that with an increase in molecular weight and a decrease in the degree of sulfonation, the surface activity of lignosulfonates at the liquid-gas interface, as well as their wetting and dispersing activity with respect to zinc sulfide/concentrate increases. It has been found that an increase in temperature contributes to the compaction of the macromolecule of lignosulfonates, as a result of which their adsorption at the liquid-gas and liquid-solid interface in neutral media rises. It has been shown that the introduction of sulfuric acid into aqueous solutions increases the wetting, adsorption, and dispersing activity of lignosulfonates with respect to zinc sulfide. The latter is accompanied by a decrease in the contact angle θ (by 10 and 40°) and an increase in both the specific number of zinc sulfide particles (not less than 1.3-1.8 times) and the content of fractions with a size of -3.5 μm. It has been established that the functional effect of lignosulfonates under conditions simulating sulfuric acid autoclave leaching of ores is implemented through the adsorption-wedging mechanism.
寻找能够消除在加压（高压釜浸出）过程中浸出硫化物矿石时形成的熔融元素硫的堵塞效应的表面活性剂是相关的。然而，由于高压釜过程的苛刻条件以及对表面现象的了解不足，表面活性剂的选择和使用变得复杂。本文综合研究了界面现象（吸附，润湿和分散），涉及表面活性剂（以木质素磺酸盐为例）和锌硫化物/浓缩物/元素硫，这些现象是在模拟加压矿石硫酸浸出条件下进行的。浓度（0.1-1.28 g/dm），木质素磺酸盐分子量（，9.250-46.300 Da）组成的特征，温度（10-80°C），硫酸（HSO 0.2-10.0 g/dm）的添加以及固相对象的性质（表面电荷，比表面积，孔的存在和直径）对气液和液固界面上的表面现象的影响。结果表明，随着分子量的增加和磺化度的降低，木质素磺酸盐在气液界面上的表面活性以及对锌硫化物/浓缩物的润湿和分散活性均增加。发现温度升高会导致木质素磺酸盐大分子的压缩，从而导致其在中性介质中在气液和液固界面上的吸附增加。结果表明，在水溶液中引入硫酸会增加木质素磺酸盐对锌硫化物的润湿，吸附和分散活性。后者伴随着接触角θ的降低（降低 10 和 40°），以及锌硫化物颗粒的特定数量的增加（不少于 1.3-1.8 倍）和粒径为-3.5μm的分数含量的增加。已经确定，在模拟硫酸高压釜浸出矿石的条件下，木质素磺酸盐的功能作用是通过吸附楔入机制实现的。
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