Institute of Virologie, Universitatsklinikum, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research/EIAR, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ann Med. 2023 Dec;55(1):652-662. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2175903.
Mosquito-borne infections are of global health concern because of their rapid spread and upsurge, which creates a risk for coinfections. DENV and ZIKV are transmitted by and and are prevalent in Nigeria and neighbouring countries. However, their seroprevalence, burden, hidden endemicity and possible cocirculation are poorly understood in Nigeria.
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 871 participants from three regions of Nigeria. All serum samples were analysed using malaria RDT and the immunoblot molecular diagnostic assay recomLine Tropical Fever for the presence of arboviral antibody serological marker IgG (Mikrogen Diagnostik, Neuried, Germany) with DENV and ZIKV Nonstructural protein 1 (NS 1), DENV and ZIKV Equad (variant of the envelope protein with designated mutations to increase specificity), according to the manufacturer's instructions.
The overall IgG antibody seropositivity against DENV-flavivirus was 44.7% (389/871); 95% CI (41.41-47.99), while ZIKV-flavivirus was 19.2% (167/871); 95% CI (0.16-0.21), and DENV-ZIKV-flavivirus cocirculation antibody seropositivity was 6.2%5 (54/871); 95% CI (0.6-0.7) in the three study regions of Nigeria. The study cohort presented similar clinical signs and symptoms of flaviviruses (DENV and ZIKV) in all three study regions.
This study highlighted an unexpectedly high antibody seropositivity, burden, hidden endemicity, and regional spread of mono- and co-circulating flaviviruses (DENV and ZIKV) in Nigeria.Key messagesDengue flavivirus sero-cross-reactivity drives antibody-dependent enhancement of ZIKV infection.Both viruses share common hosts (humans) and vectors (primarily Aedes aegypti), and are thus influenced by similar biological, ecological, and economic factors, resulting in epidemiological synergy.Additionally, the actual burden in epidemic and interepidemic periods is grossly or chronically unknown and underreported. Despite this trend and the potential public health threat, there are no reliable data, and little is known about these arboviral co-circulation infections.
蚊媒传染病因其迅速传播和爆发而成为全球健康关注的问题，这增加了合并感染的风险。登革热病毒和 Zika 病毒通过 和 传播，在尼日利亚和邻国流行。然而，它们在尼日利亚的血清流行率、负担、隐性流行和可能的共同传播情况了解甚少。
我们对来自尼日利亚三个地区的 871 名参与者进行了横断面研究。所有血清样本均使用疟疾快速诊断检测（RDT）和免疫印迹分子诊断检测（recoLine Tropical Fever）进行分析，以检测存在黄病毒抗体血清学标志物 IgG（Mikrogen Diagnostik，Neuried，德国），该检测针对登革热病毒和 Zika 病毒非结构蛋白 1（NS 1）、登革热病毒和 Zika 病毒 Equad（包膜蛋白的变异体，具有指定的突变以提高特异性），按照制造商的说明进行。
针对登革热病毒属黄病毒的 IgG 抗体血清阳性率为 44.7%（389/871）；95%置信区间（41.41-47.99），而 Zika 病毒属黄病毒的 IgG 抗体血清阳性率为 19.2%（167/871）；95%置信区间（0.16-0.21），登革热病毒-Zika 病毒属黄病毒的 IgG 抗体血清阳性率为 6.2%（54/871）；95%置信区间（0.6-0.7），在尼日利亚的三个研究地区。研究队列在所有三个研究地区均表现出类似的黄病毒（登革热病毒和 Zika 病毒）临床症状和体征。
本研究突出表明，在尼日利亚，单种和共循环黄病毒（登革热病毒和 Zika 病毒）的抗体血清阳性率、负担、隐性流行和区域传播率出乎意料地高。
登革热病毒血清交叉反应性驱动 Zika 病毒感染的抗体依赖性增强。两种病毒具有共同的宿主（人类）和媒介（主要是埃及伊蚊），因此受到相似的生物学、生态学和经济因素的影响，从而导致流行病学协同作用。此外，在流行和间流行期间的实际负担严重或长期未知且报告不足。尽管存在这种趋势和潜在的公共卫生威胁，但目前还没有可靠的数据，对这些虫媒病毒的共同传播感染知之甚少。
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