伊朗研究人员对开放科学的概念和对研究出版物影响的看法。
Iranian researchers' perspective about concept and effect of open science on research publication.
机构信息
Department of Medical Library and Information Sciences, School of Health Management and Medical information science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rashid Yasmin Street, Upper than Mirdamad St, Tehran, Iran.
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 May 4;23(1):437. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09420-9.
BACKGROUND
Sharing research outputs with open science methods for different stakeholders causes better access to different studies to solve problems in diverse fields, which leads to equal access conditions to research resources, as well as greater scientific productivity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perceive the concept of openness in research among Iranian health researchers.
METHODS
From the beginning of August to the middle of November 2021, twenty semi-structured interviews were held with Iranian health researchers from different fields using purposeful, snowball, and convenience sampling. The interviews continued until data saturation. Data analysis was performed with thematic analysis using MAXQDA 20. Finally, seven main issues related to open science were identified.
RESULTS
Through analysis of the interviews, 235 primary codes and 173 main codes were extracted in 22 subclasses. After careful evaluation and integration of subclasses and classes, they were finally classified into nine categories and three main themes. Analysis showed that openness in research was related to three main themes: researchers' understanding of open science, the impact of open science on publication and sharing of research, concerns and reluctance to open research.
CONCLUSION
The conditions of access to research output should be specified given the diversity of studies conducted in the field of health; issues like privacy as an important topic of access to data and information in the health system should also be specified. Our analysis indicated that the conditions of publication and sharing of research processes should be stated according to different scopes of health fields. The concept of open science was related to access to findings and other research items regardless of cost, political, social, or racial barriers, which could create collective wisdom in the development of knowledge. The process of publication and sharing of research related to open access applies to all types of outputs, conditions of access, increasing trust in research, creation of diverse publication paths, and broader participation of citizens in research. Open science practices should be promoted to increase the circulation and exploitation rates of knowledge while adjusting and respecting the limits of privacy, intellectual property and national security rights of countries.
背景
通过开放科学方法与不同利益相关者共享研究成果，可以使不同领域的人们更方便地获取不同的研究，从而为研究资源提供平等的获取条件，以及提高科学生产力。因此，本研究旨在了解伊朗卫生研究人员对研究开放性的看法。
方法
2021 年 8 月初至 11 月中旬，采用目的性、滚雪球和便利抽样法，对来自不同领域的 20 名伊朗卫生研究人员进行了 20 次半结构化访谈。访谈持续到数据饱和。采用 MAXQDA 20 对数据进行主题分析。最终确定了与开放科学相关的七个主要问题。
结果
通过对访谈的分析，共提取出 235 个一级编码和 173 个主编码，分为 22 个子类目。经过仔细评估和整合子类和类，最终分为 9 个类别和 3 个主题。分析表明，研究的开放性与三个主要主题有关：研究人员对开放科学的理解、开放科学对研究发表和分享的影响、对开放研究的关注和不情愿。
结论
鉴于卫生领域开展的研究多样性，应具体规定获取研究成果的条件；还应具体规定隐私等作为卫生系统中获取数据和信息的一个重要主题。我们的分析表明，应根据不同的卫生领域范围说明研究过程的发表和分享条件。开放科学的概念与获取研究成果和其他研究项目有关，而不受成本、政治、社会或种族障碍的影响，这可以在知识发展过程中创造集体智慧。与开放获取相关的研究发表和分享过程适用于所有类型的产出、获取条件、提高对研究的信任、创造多样化的出版途径以及公民更广泛地参与研究。应推广开放科学实践，在调整和尊重国家隐私、知识产权和国家安全权利的限制的同时，提高知识的流通和利用效率。
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