日粮分析钙磷比和标准化总肠道可消化磷与净能比对猪生长性能、骨骼和胴体特性的影响。

Impact of dietary analyzed calcium to phosphorus ratios and standardized total tract digestible phosphorus to net energy ratios on growth performance, bone, and carcass characteristics of pigs.

机构信息

Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.

Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 2023 Jan 3;101. doi: 10.1093/jas/skad168.

DOI:10.1093/jas/skad168

PMID:37226633

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10462398/

Abstract

A total of 2,184 pigs (337 × 1,050, PIC; initially 12.4 ± 0.17 kg) were used in a 143-d study to evaluate the effects of feeding varying analyzed calcium to phosphorus ratios (Ca:P) at two standardized total tract digestible (STTD) phosphorus to net energy ratios (STTD P:NE). Pens of pigs (26 pigs per pen) were assigned to 1 of the 6 dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial with main effects of STTD P:NE and Ca:P ratio. Diets consisted of two levels of STTD P:NE; High (1.80, 1.62, 1.43, 1.25, 1.10, and 0.99 g STTD P/Mcal NE from 11 to 22, 22 to 40, 40 to 58, 58 to 81, 81 to 104, and 104 to 129 kg, respectively); or Low (75% of the High levels), and three analyzed Ca:P ratios (0.90:1, 1.30:1, and 1.75:1). There were 14 pens per treatment. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and contained a constant phytase concentration within each dietary phase with levels decreasing throughout the trial (phases 1 through 3, 500 FTU/kg, assumed release of 0.13% STTD P; phase 4, 400 FTU/kg, assumed release of 0.11% STTD P; phase 5, 290 FTU/kg, assumed release of 0.09% STTD P; and phase 6, 210 FTU/kg, assumed release of 0.07% STTD P). Overall, there was a Ca:P × STTD P:NE interaction (P < 0.05) observed for average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (G:F), final body weight (BW), hot carcass weight (HCW), bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone-breaking strength. When feeding Low STTD P:NE levels, increasing the analyzed Ca:P ratio decreased (linear, P < 0.001) ADG final BW, HCW, and tended to worsen G:F, bone mineral density, and bone mineral content (linear, P < 0.10). However, when feeding High STTD P:NE levels, increasing the analyzed Ca:P ratio significantly improved bone mineral content and bone mineral density (linear, P < 0.05), and tended to improve ADG and final BW (linear, P < 0.10) and G:F (quadratic P < 0.10). Additionally, increasing the analyzed Ca:P ratio worsened ADG, G:F, and bone mineralization with Low STTD P:NE but had marginal impacts when adequate STTD P:NE was fed.

摘要

共有 2184 头猪（337×1050，PIC；初始体重为 12.4±0.17kg）参与了为期 143 天的研究，以评估在两种标准化总可消化磷与净能比（STTD P：NE）下，不同分析钙磷比（Ca：P）对猪的影响。猪舍（每舍 26 头猪）被分配到 6 种饮食处理中的 1 种，采用 STTD P：NE 和 Ca：P 比的 2×3 因子设计。日粮由两个 STTD P：NE 水平组成；高（1.80、1.62、1.43、1.25、1.10 和 0.99g STTD P/Mcal NE，分别来自 11 至 22、22 至 40、40 至 58、58 至 81、81 至 104 和 104 至 129kg）；或低（高水平的 75%），以及三种分析 Ca：P 比（0.9：1、1.3：1 和 1.75：1）。每个处理有 14 个猪舍。日粮以玉米-豆粕为基础，每个日粮阶段含有恒定的植酸酶浓度，整个试验过程中浓度逐渐降低（阶段 1 至 3，500FTU/kg，假定释放 0.13%STTD P；阶段 4，400FTU/kg，假定释放 0.11%STTD P；阶段 5，290FTU/kg，假定释放 0.09%STTD P；阶段 6，210FTU/kg，假定释放 0.07%STTD P）。总体而言，平均日增重（ADG）、饲料效率（G：F）、最终体重（BW）、热胴体重（HCW）、骨矿物质密度、骨矿物质含量和骨破裂强度观察到 Ca：P×STTD P：NE 存在交互作用（P<0.05）。当饲喂低 STTD P：NE 水平时，增加分析 Ca：P 比会降低（线性，P<0.001）ADG、最终 BW、HCW，并且往往会降低 G：F、骨矿物质密度和骨矿物质含量（线性，P<0.10）。然而，当饲喂高 STTD P：NE 水平时，增加分析 Ca：P 比会显著提高骨矿物质含量和骨矿物质密度（线性，P<0.05），并趋于提高 ADG 和最终 BW（线性，P<0.10）和 G：F（二次，P<0.10）。此外，当饲喂低 STTD P：NE 时，增加分析 Ca：P 比会降低 ADG、G：F 和骨矿化作用，但当饲喂足够的 STTD P：NE 时，其影响则较小。